中高年级“小数”教学中存在的问题及对策研究——以南京市 JL 小学为例摘要 “小数”的教学内容在“数与代数”教学领域中占有重要的位置，拓宽了学生对数的概念的理解，是衔接整数与分数内容的不可缺少的组成部分。有效的“小数”教学有助于培养学生思维能力以及促进对运算算理的理解，也有助于提高教师的教学能力。以南京市 JL 小学为例，通过访谈问卷、观察等研究方法发现“小数”的教学中存在着教师对于教学目标解读浅薄、对于课堂方法设计单一、对于课堂问题处理不当以及评价方式存在缺陷等问题，问题的成因主要是教师钻研精神的薄弱、教育理念的狭隘、学科素养的不足以及评价意识的缺乏。要解决“小数”教学中存在的这些问题，就要明确理解教学目标、丰富课堂教学方法、重视课堂问题处理并且推进教学评价练习。只有这样，才能真正提高课堂效率，提高“小数”教学效果。关键词 小学数学 小数认识 小数计算 小数教学 Research on the Problems and Countermeasures of Decimal Teaching in Middle and Senior Grades——Taking JL Elementary School in Nanjing as an ExampleAbstract The decimal teaching exerts a significant part in the teaching field of number and algebra, which broadens the comprehension of the concept of number to students and is an indispensable part of associating the content of integer and fraction. The efficiency in decimal teaching contributes to cultivating students' ability of thinking and promoting the comprehension of the calculating principles, which is also conducive to improving teachers’ teaching abilities. Taking JL elementary school in Nanjing as an example, by interviews, questionnaires, observation and other investigative methods, it is found that there exist cases in the decimal teaching, such as superficial understanding of the teaching objectives by teachers and unvaried designs of classroom methods. Moreover, improper handling of classroom problems, and defects in evaluation methods are included too. The main causes of the problems are th...
