摘 要车铣复合加工是利用铣刀与工件的旋转合成运动来达到加工的目的，这种加工方法能够在工件转速较低的情况下实现高速切削，能够获得比普通车削更好的加工质量，特别适用于刚度较低的细长轴类工件的切削加工。论文在将普通车床改造为车铣复合机床的基础上，开展一系列车铣试验，并将车铣与普通车削进行对比，主要工作如下：基于普通卧式车床改造车铣复合加工机床，确定了机床整体布局方案，完成了铣削主轴选型。通过实验观察车铣加工工件表面微观形貌，研究了车铣复合加工表面微观形貌随切削参数的变化规律；以表面粗糙度为判断依据，研究了工件转速、铣刀转速和切削厚度对工件表面质量的影响，得到的优化切削参数为：工件转速 90 r/min，铣刀转速 16000 r/min，切削厚度 0.1 mm。利用 workbench 软件对细长轴进行动力学特性分析，解释了车铣加工过程中产生共振现象的原因；为验证加工细长轴等弱刚度件时车铣切削与普通车削相比更具优势，开展细长轴车削、车铣对比试验。试验结果指出，车铣可以明显改善细长轴车削加工过程中挠曲现象，工件表面质量获得一定程度的改善。在优化参数下反向车铣加工⌀10 mm×240 mm 细长轴，工件尺寸误差仅为 0.015 mm。关键词：车铣；不锈钢；细长轴- I -车铣复合加工装置设计及应用Design and Application of Turn-milling Composite MachineAbstract Turn-milling composite machine makes use of the rotation of the cutter and workpiece to achieve the processing. This processing method can achieve high-speed cutting under the condition of low speed of the workpiece and it can get a better surface quality, it particularly applies to the processing of slender workpiece. This paper is about the transformation of lathe into turn-milling machine and some relevant experiments. By comparing turning to turn-milling, the main works are as follows: Finishing the transformation of the lathe into turn-milling machine, determining the layout of the turn-milling machine, completing the selection of the milling spindle.Through experiments, observe the microstructure surface of the workpiece, research the influence of...
