直接引语和间接引语引述别人的话时,一般采用两种方式:一是引用别人的原话,把它放在引号内,称为直接引语;二是用自己的话加以转述,被转述的话不放在引号内,称为间接引语。间接引语在大多数情况下是一个宾语从句。直接引语变成间接引语时,要注意以下几点:人称变化、时态变化、宾语从句要用陈述句语序等。1. 直接引语是陈述句,变成间接引语时,由连词 that 引导。例如:Shesaid,“Iamveryhappytobewithyou.”—Shesaid(that)shewasveryhappytobewithme.Hesaid,“Iwillchooseabookformystudents.”—Hesaid(that)hewouldchooseabookforhisstudents.2. 直接引语是一般疑问句时,变成间接引语,由连词 whether 或if 引导。例如:Heaskedme,“DoyoulikewatchingTV?”—Heaskedmeif/whetherIlikedwatchingTV.Heasked,“Areyousureyourmotherwillcome?”—Heaskedmewhether/ifIwassuremymotherwouldcome.注意:大多数情况下,if 和 whether 在引导宾语从句时可以互换,但后紧跟 ornot 时,一般只用 whether。例如:Sheaskedmewhetherornothecoulddothework./Sheaskedmewhetherhecoulddotheworkornot.3. 直接引语是特殊疑问句,变成间接引语时,由相应的连接词who,whom,what,whose,how,when,why,where 等引导。例如:Heasked:“Whereareyoutogetoff,John?”—HeaskedJohnwherehewastogetoff.Mysisteraskedme,“Howdoyouliketheplay?”—MysisteraskedmehowIlikedtheplay.Tomaskedme,“Whoistheboyoverthere?”—Tomaskedme,“Whowastheboyoverthere?”4. 直接引语是祈使句,其间接引语由主语+动词 ask(委婉语气),tell(一般语气),order(命令语气)或 warn,advise 等+复合宾语(名/代词+动词不定式)构成。如:Hesaid,“Pleasecomehereagaintomorrow.”—Heaskedmetogothereagainthenextday.“Becarefulwiththedog.''—Hewarnedmetobecarefulwiththedog.5. 直接引语变间接引语时,如果引述动词为过去式,需注意时态的变化:如:1) Bettysaid,“Linglingissingingintheclassroomnow.'现在进行时—BettysaidLinglingwassingingintheclassroomthen.-过去进行时2) Hesaid,“IwillgotoLondonnextweek.'一般将来时—HesaidhewouldgotoLondonnextweek.过去将来时3) Mymothersaid,“Ihavealreadycleanedthehouse.'现在完成时—Mymothersaidshehadalreadycleanedthehouse.过去完成时注意:1. 直接引语是客观事实、普遍真理等...