Module 5 Cloning Section Ⅳ Other Parts of the Module[原文呈现][读文清障] Cloning and DNAMany people think that the science of genetics① and cloning is recent. It's certainly true that② in 1953, Watson and Crick, two scientists at Cambridge University, England, discovered the structure of the acid③ DNA — a transparent④twisting⑤ ladder made of the fundamental⑥components⑦ of life⑧. But in fact, it was in 1866 that⑨ Mendel first recorded the results of growing pea plants. He understood that both the parent plants had influenced the genetic makeup⑩ of the new plant.In 1973, biochemists Cohen and Boyer discovered a procedure⑪ to use enzymes⑫ — chemicals⑬ formed in the body — to unzip⑭ the DNA, to cut out⑮a sequence of⑯genes⑰， and finally to insert⑱ them into the host cell⑲ and combine with⑳ its DNA.①genetics/d'netIks/ʒən．遗传学②that 引导主语从句，it 作形式主语。③acid/'æsId/adj.酸(性)的④transparent/træns'pær nt/əadj.透明的⑤twisting/'twIstI /ŋ adj.扭曲的，弯曲的⑥fundamental/ f nd 'mentl/ˌ ʌəadj.基本的，不可或缺的⑦component/k m'pn nt/əəʊ ən．成分⑧made of ...是过去分词短语作后置定语。⑨it was in ...是强调句型，强调时间状语 in 1866。⑩makeupn．构成，构造⑪procedure/pr 'si d/əː ʒə n．程序，注意其后接了四个 to do。⑫enzyme/'enzaIm/n．酶 ⑬ chemical n．化学物质⑭unzip/ n'zIp/ʌv．解开 ⑮ cut out 切割出来，分离⑯a sequence of 一系列的 ⑰ gene/d i n/ʒ ːn．基因⑱insert/In'st/ɜːv．植入，插入 ⑲ the host cell 宿主细胞⑳combine with 与……结合be combined with 被与……结合/联合在一起克隆与 DNA[第 1～2 段译文]许多人认为基因学与克隆是最近出现的。确实如此，在 1953 年，英国剑桥大学的两名科1学家沃森和克里克发现了酸性 DNA 的结构——一种透明的由生命基本元素构成的双螺旋结构。但是事实上，孟德尔在 1866 年第一个记录了种植豌豆的结果。他了解到植物的父本和...
