高中英语 Unit 22 Environmental Protection Section Ⅷ Grammar学案（含解析）北师大版选修8-北师大版高二选修8英语学案

Section & Gammar单元语法项目(一)——转述结构语法图解探究发现①He said, “I'm busy preparing for the final exam now.”→He said that he was busy preparing for the final exam then.②“Do you want the green shirt or the blue one？” asked mother.→Mother asked whether/if I wanted the green shirt or the blue one.③The old man said, “Don't come here again next week.”→The old man asked us not to go there again the next week.④Our teacher said, “Practice makes perfect.”→Our teacher said practice makes perfect.⑤“Where did you spend your holiday this year, Jack？” She asked.→She asked Jack where he had spent his holiday that year.[我的发现](1)由句①可知，当直接引语为陈述句变为间接引语时，时态、人称、时间状语以及指示代词等通常要改变。(2)由句②可知，当直接引语为一般疑问句变为间接引语时，首先变为陈述句语序，然后再加上连词 if 或 whether 来引导间接引语。(3)由句③可知，当直接引语为祈使句时，要加上合适的动词，如 ask, tell, order, require, demand 等动词作谓语，然后将该祈使句变成动词不定式作宾补。(4)由句④可知，当直接引语为谚语、格言以及客观真理、自然现象时，间接引语中的谓语动词不用改变，仍使用一般现在时态。(5)由句⑤可知，当直接引语为特殊疑问句变为间接引语时，首先将其变为陈述句语序，但仍用原来的疑问词引导。一、常见的转述结构1．动词＋that ...that 引导的从句为间接引语。常用动词有 add, admit, agree, announce, believe, boast, claim, complain, deny, declare, explain, insist, remind, suggest, warn等。They announced that she would give one extra song.他们宣布她将再唱一首歌。He believes that she is fit for the job.他相信她能胜任这项工作。2．动词＋sb.＋that ...常用动词有 warn, remind, tell 等。He warned me that I couldn't go out alone at night.他警告我晚上不能单独出去。She reminded me that I hadn't written to my mother.她提醒我还没有给母亲写信。3．动词＋sb.＋to do sth.常用动词有 advise, beg, order, promise 等...