Period Two Learning about Language 动词的ing 形式作状语分词和分词短语可以在句子中作状语来修饰谓语动词或整个句子表示动作发生的时间、原因、条件、结果、让步或伴随状况。其基本句型是：现在分词/分词短语，主语＋谓语＋句子的其他成分。下面分别介绍现在分词/分词短语作状语的情况：一、作时间状语动词的ing 形式作时间状语时，经常放在句首，相当于一个时间状语从句。Hearing the noise，I turned round.(＝When I heard the noise/When hearing the noise，I turned round.)听到响声我转过身去。Having turned off the TV set，he began to go over his lessons.( ＝ After having turned off the TV set/After he had turned off the TV set，he began to go over his lessons.)关掉电视机后，他便开始复习功课。二、作原因状语动词的ing 形式作原因状语时，相当于一个原因状语从句，也可以放在句首。Being ill，he couldn’t go to school.(＝Because he was ill，he couldn’t go to school.)因为生病，他不能去上学。Having lived in the village for years，I know everyone quite well.(＝Because I have lived in the village for years ，I know everyone quite well.)在这个村里住了很多年了，所以我熟悉(这里的)每个人。三、作伴随状语Mary sat by the window of the classroom，reading a book.(＝Mary sat by the window of the classroom and was reading a book.)玛丽坐在教室的窗户旁边，正在读书。四、作方式状语He came running back to tell me the news.(＝He came by running back to tell me the news.)他跑回来告诉我这个消息。五、作结果状语The child fell，striking his head against the door and cutting it.(＝The child fell，as a result，he struck his head against the door and cut it.)那孩子跌倒了，头碰在门上磕破了。六、作条件状语此时的条件状语相当于一个 if 引导的从句。Working diligently，you’ll certainly succeed.(＝If you work diligently，you’ll certainly succeed.)只要刻苦学习，你会成功的。注意 一般说来，分词作状语，它的逻辑主语应与句子主语一致，但事实上有少数例外的特殊情况。(1)某些表示说话人态...
