Unit 4 EarthquakesSection Ⅱ Grammar语法指南定语从句的关系词分为关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有 that，which，who(宾格 whom，所有格 whose)，其中 that，which，who 在从句中作主语或宾语，whom 作宾语，whose 用作定语。1．that 既可以指物，也可以指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时可以省略，但不能跟在介词后引导定语从句。The woman that burst out of the room just now was angry with you.刚才冲出房间的那位女士生你的气了。(指人，作主语)This is the novel that interests me.这就是让我感兴趣的那本小说。(指物，作主语)The magazine(that)I bought yesterday is lost.我昨天买的那本杂志丢了。(指物，作宾语)2．which 用于指物，在从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时可以省略，但跟在介词后引导定语从句时不能省略。It is a country which has a short history.这是一个历史很短的国家。(作主语)The radio (which) he bought yesterday doesn't work.他昨天买的收音机坏了。This is the house in which I once lived.这是我曾经住过的房子。(作介词in 的宾语)3．who 用于指人，可作主语或宾语，作宾语时可以省略，但直接跟在介词后时需用 whom引导定语从句，且不能省略。The man who is talking with my father is a policeman.正在与我父亲谈话的那个人是警察。(作主语)The professor(who/whom) you wish to see has gone abroad.你希望见的那位教授出国了。(作宾语)He is the doctor to whom your mother spoke.他就是与你母亲谈过话的那位医生。(作介词宾语，whom 不能省略)4．whose 既可以指人，也可以指物，在从句中作定语。This is the woman scientist whose name is known all over the country.这就是那位闻名全国的女科学家。He lives in a room whose window faces north.他住在一个窗子朝北的房间里。whose 通常可用“the＋n.＋of＋whom/which”替换，以上两句可以分别替换成：This is the woman sci entist ， the name of whom i s known all over the country.He lives in a room，the window of which faces north.5．在以下情况中用 that 不用 which。(1)当先行词是不定代词或被不定代词修饰时。All that is needed has been bought.所需要的一切都...
