实验诊断试题库(第二版)一、名词解释(包括定义及主要临床意义)1.实验诊断(Laboratory diagnosis)2.全程质量控制(total quality management, TQM)3.循证医学(evidence based medicine, EBA)4.危险值(critical value)5.医学决定水平(medical decision level)6.红细胞计数 (red blood cell count, RBC)7.红细胞比容 (hemotocrit, Hct;packed cell volume, PCV)8.网织红细胞计数(reticulocyte count, Ret) 9.红细胞体积分布宽度(red blood cell volume distribution width, RDW)10. 白细胞绝对值(absolute value of WBC)11. 白细胞分类计数(Differential count, DC)12. 靶型红细胞(target cell) 13. 球形红细胞(spherocyte) 14. 嗜多色性红细胞(polychromatic erythrocyte)15. 高色素性红细胞(hypochromic erythrocyte)16. 嗜碱性点彩(basophilic stippling)17. 染色质小体(Howell-Jolly)18. 卡波氏环(Cabot rings)19. 有核红细胞(nucleated erythrocyte)20. 中毒颗粒(toxic granulation) 21. 空泡(vacuole degeneration )22. 杜勒小体(Dohle bodies) 23. 核变性(degeneration of nucleus)24. 棒状小体(auer bodies)25. 异形淋巴细胞(atypical lymphocyte)26. 核左移 (nuclear shift to left) 27. 核右移(nueclear shift to right)28. 分裂池(mitotic pool) 29. 贮备池(storage pool) 30. 边缘池(vessel wall)31. 类白血病反应(leukemoid reaction)32. 红细胞沉降率 Erythrocyte sedimentation rate, ESR) 33. 骨髓穿刺(bone marrow puncture)34. 骨髓增生程度(proliferative degree)35. 粒红比(myeloid erythroid ratio, M∶E)36. 细胞化学染色(cyto-chemical stain)37. 过氧化物酶染色(peroxidase stain, POX)38. 中性粒细胞碱性磷酸酶染色(neutrophil alkaline phosphatase stain, NAP)39. 骨髓纤维化(myelofibrosis, MF)40. 骨髓增生异常综合征(myelodysplastic syndrome, MDS)41. 巨幼细胞性贫血(megaloblastic anemia, MA)42. 再生障碍性贫血(aplastic anemia, AA)43. 出血时间(bleeding time, BT)44. 束臂试验(capillary fragility test, CFT)45. 血块退缩试验(clot retraction test, CRT)46. 大血小板比率(platelet large cell rat...