混合酶消化法检验溺死脏器硅藻的实验性研究

混合酶消化法检验溺死脏器硅藻的实验性讨论【摘要】 目的 探讨利用混合酶消化法从溺死者肺、肝、肾、脾等脏器中检出硅藻，为区别生前溺水死亡或死后抛尸入水提供科学依据。方法 通过动物实验制作溺死脏器样本，通过单一酶消化选出几种消化能力强、价格便宜的酶，将几种酶按比例混合进行脏器消化。同时进行强酸化学消化法对比。结果 肺脏的最佳消化组合酶为胶原酶Ⅰ、蛋白酶 K、透明质酸酶和胰蛋白酶；肝脏的最佳消化组合酶为胶原酶Ⅱ、蛋白酶 K、透明质酸酶和胰蛋白酶；肾脏的最佳消化组合酶为蛋白酶 K、透明质酸酶和胰蛋白酶；脾脏的最佳消化组合酶为胶原酶Ⅰ、胶原酶Ⅱ、蛋白酶 K 和透明质酸酶。结论 混合酶消化法检验溺死脏器中硅藻在速度、安全性、环保、检出率等方面均优于强酸消化法，应在公安刑事科学技术范围内推广使用。 【关键词】 混合酶；消化；硅藻；溺死 An experimental study on detection of diatom in drowning organ of bodies by multi-enzymatic digestion method 【Abstract】 Objective The purpose of this study is to evaluate the reliability and applicability of quantitative and qualitative diatom analysis by multi-enzymatic digestion method in the diagnosis of drowning organ of This study included beforehand samples ， normal control samples ， control samples of experiment and experimental samples. Organ samples were treated by both chemical and multi-enzymatic methods， the first one using concentrated nitric acid and the second conglomerate of several The conglomerate of collagenase I， proteinase K， hyaluronidase and trypsin is best in digesting lung than other. The conglomerate of collagenase Ⅱ， proteinase K， hyaluronidase and trypsin is best in digesting liver kidney than other. The conglomerate of collagenase I， collagenase Ⅱ， hyaluronidase and trypsin is best in digesting spleen than other. The number of diatoms recovered with multi-enzymatic digestion method was more than chemical method， and the rate of detection is Our exper...