电活性聚合物的发电原理及其力学性能分析研究 材料分子学专业VIP专享

摘 要电活性聚合物与其他聚合物不同，具有特殊的机械性质和电学性质，是一种新型智能材料。目前，电活性聚合物在多个方面都有了快速的提升，如设计材料、合成产物等。本文从多种电活性聚合物材料的研究现状出发展开。电活性聚合物可以分成离子型聚合物以及电子型聚合物。离子型聚合物（EAP）主要由碳纳米管、导电聚合物、电致流变液体、离子聚合物凝胶以及离子聚合物符复合材料组成的。离子型 EAP 材料的不足之处是必须要有润湿度，并且在电流下不能保持稳定的移动；电子型 EAP 由介电 EAP、电致伸缩接枝弹性体、电致伸缩纸张、铁电体聚合物和液晶弹性体（LCE）等组成。在电流刺激下，电子型 EAP 产生多种效应，如铁电效应等，并且电子型 EAP 离子型 EAP 刚好相反，在电流刺激下能够发生位置移动。不管是哪种 EAP 材料，都会有非常大的弯曲响应。本文还介绍了电活性聚合物的发电原理和力学性能以及在各个领域上的应用等前沿科技。关键词：电活性聚合物 电致伸缩 离子型 电子型AbstractUnlike other polymers, electroactive polymers have special mechanical properties and electrical properties. They are a new kind of intelligent materials. At present, electroactive polymers have been rapidly improved in many aspects, such as design materials and synthetic products. This paper starts from the research status of various electroactive polymer materials. Electroactive polymers can be divided into ionic polymers and electronic polymers. The ionic polymer (EAP) is composed of carbon nanotubes, conductive polymers, electrorheological fluids, ionic polymer gels, and ionic polymer composites. The deficiency of the ionic EAP material is that it has to be moistening, and it can't keep moving steadily in the current. Electronic EAP is composed of dielectric EAP, electrostrictive graft elastomer, electrostrictive paper, ferroelectric polymer and liquid crystal elastomer (LCE). Under current stimulation, electronic EAP produces a variety of effects, such as ferroelectric effect, and the electronic EAP...