生化单词表第一章蛋白质结构与功能Protein 蛋白质Amino acid 氨基酸Myoglobin 肌红蛋白Hemoglobin 血红蛋白2,3Bisphosphoglycerate 2,3 二磷酸甘油酸protein physicalchemical properties 蛋白理化性质Prion disease 朊蛋白病Scurvy 坏血病Methemoglobinemia 高铁血红蛋白病Enzymes 酶Catalysis 催化作用Chiral 手性Amino group 氨基Carboxylic acid group 羧基Zwitterion 两性Protonation 质子化isoelectric point 等电点Ionizable 可解离得Homeostatsis 稳态Polar 极性uncharged 不带电得charged 带点得acidic 酸性得basic 碱性得nonpolar 非极性hydrophilic 亲水得hydrophobic 疏水得aromatic AA 芳香氨基酸hydroxyl group 羟基sulfurcontaining AAs 含硫氨基酸amide 酰胺imino acid 亚氨基酸polypeptide backbone 多肽骨架Essential AminoAcids 必需氨基酸Monomer 单体Polymer 聚合物multisubunit 多亚基Primary structure 一级结构Secondary structure 二级结构Tertiary structure 三级结构Quanternary structure 四级结构hydrogen bond 氢键Peptide Bonds 肽键condensation reaction 缩合反应Polypeptide 多肽alpha helix a 螺旋betasheet beta 折叠beta turn beta 转角Righthanded helix 右手螺旋Isomers 异构体MotifT 模体fibrous proteins 纤维状蛋白globular proteins 球形蛋白Intermediate filaments 中间丝蛋白cytoskeleton 骨架Keratin 角蛋白Extracellular matrix 细胞外基质Collagen 胶原蛋白Elastin 弹性蛋白Tendons 肌腱Cartilage 软骨Silk fibroin 丝蛋白Cornea 角膜prolyl hydroxylase 脯氨酸羟化酶a ketoglutarate a 酮戊二酸ascorbate 抗坏血酸Antiparallel 反平行Domain 功能域Heme Group 血红素基团Ferric ion (Fe3+) 高铁Ferrous ion (Fe2+) 亚铁Porphyrin 卟啉、Nitrogen 氮Hyperbolic 抛物线得deoxy hemoglobin 脱氧血红蛋白oxy hemoglobin 氧合血红蛋白Conformational 构象Subunit 亚基cooperativebinding 协同结合sigmoidal 双曲线得Allostery 变构作用heterotropic effect 异促效应homotropic effect 同促效应Hyperthyroidism 甲状腺功能亢进phosphoglycerate mutase (PGM) 磷酸甘油变位酶erythrocytes 红细胞Iron deficiency anemia 缺铁性贫血Chronic respiratory di...
