Unit 3 Traditional skills第 3 课时——语法课后拓展课时精讲栏目导航课时过关单元语法讲解:被动语态(The passive voice) (一)语态概述:英语中有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态。 1.主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。巧记为:主动、主动、主去动。 Many people speak English. speak 的动作是由主语 many people 来执行的。 2.被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,即行为动作的对象。巧记为:被动、被动、主被动。 English is spoken by many people. 主语 English 是动词 speak 的承受者。 (二)被动语态的构成 1.由 “助动词 be+及物动词的过去分词” 构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过 be 的变化表现出来的。 一般现在时:am/is/are+done 一般过去时:was/were+done 一般将来时:will/shall be+done(am/is/are going to be done) 过去将来时:would/should be+done(was/were going to be done) 现在进行时:am/is/are being+done 过去进行时:was(were)being+done 现在完成时:have/has been+done 过去完成时:had been+done 歌诀是:被动语态 be 字变,过去分词跟后面。 2.含有情态动词的被动语态:由“情态动词+be+过去分词”构成。 歌诀是:情态动词变被动,情态加 be 加“过分”。 We can repair this watch in two days. →This watch can be repaired in two days. They should do it at once. →It should be done at once. (三)主动语态变被动语态的方法 1.主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语; 2.主动语态的谓语动词由主动语态形式变为被动语态形式; 3.主动结构的主语变为介词 by 的宾语,组成介词短语,放在被动结构的谓语动词之后。在无需说明动作的执行者或只强调动作的承受者时,by 短语可以省略。请看示范: 歌诀是:宾变主,主变宾,by 短语后面跟。 按照要求改写句子。 1.My friend helped me with my homework last week.(改为被动语态) 2.A new school will be built next year.(改为一般疑问句) My homework was helped by my friend last week. Will a new school be built next year? 3.He was stopped by a car on his way back home.(改为否定句) 4.This song is often sung by different people.(改为一般疑问句...