摘 要近些年来，国家越来越重视义务教育，义务教育事业取得了深远的发展。义务教育覆盖面最广，整个教育系统中义务教育时间最长，是教育公平的起点。在发展过程中城乡义务教育非均等化问题也随之出现，它不仅影响了整体人口素质的提高也制约着经济的发展。城乡义务教育非均等化是我国政府面临的教育问题之一。本文以公共产品理论、教育公平理论为及依据，以河北省城乡义务教育经费投入、办学条件、师资力量的差距现状为切入点，采用文献研究法、比较分析法、规范与实证相结合的研究方法，找到了河北省城乡义务教育经费投入不均等、办学条件不相同、师资力量不均衡的问题，并从财政体制、城市二元结构等角度分析了其原因，最终为城乡义务教育的均等化发展提供了明确各级政府的财政责任、促进城乡一体化发展、创建标准化义务教育学校等对策。本文不仅丰富了教育公平理论，而且为城乡义务教育均等化发展提供了有力的理论依据。关键词：义务教育；城乡二元结构；公共物品；教育均等化；AbstractIn recent years, the state has paid more and more attention to compulsory education, and the cause of compulsory education has made great progress. Compulsory education covers the widest range. The longest compulsory education in the whole education system is the starting point of educational equity. Inthe course of development, the problem of inequality between urban and rural compulsory education hasalso appeared. It not only affects the overall population quality but also restricts economic development. The equalization of compulsory education between urban and rural areas is one of the educational problems faced by our government.Based on the theory of public products and the theory of educational equity, this paper takes the gap of the investment of compulsory education in urban and rural areas in Hebei Province, the conditions of running schools and the gap of teachers' strength, and uses the research method of literature research, comparative analysis, standard and demonstration to find the inv...
