基于 GIS 与 RUSLE 模型的喀斯特地区土壤侵蚀研究分析——以兴义市为例摘 要：本文基于 GIS，利用 RUSLEM 模型，结合兴义市 DEM、月降雨量、土地利用数据、NDVI 等数据，研究兴义市土壤空间分布特征，并且在进一步的分析土壤腐蚀强度的变化与土地利用程度和坡度的关系。结果表明，（1）从空间上来看，兴义市土壤侵蚀的等级较低的范围主要分布在市里的北部和西部，而且突然都是以块状为主；而另外的受到侵蚀等级高的主要分布在市里的相反方向，也就是南部和东部，这种侵蚀程度的都是以条带状为主（2）从角度上来看，不同角度的土壤受到的侵蚀程度也是不同的，例如坡度分布在八度到十五度和十五度到二十五度的土壤会受到最大程度的侵蚀，侵蚀面积已经占到总面积的百分之六十六点六零；（3）从土地类型上来看，耕地和未利用土地占总土壤侵蚀面积比最大，分别为 33.67%和 26.76%。Abstract:Based on the RUSLEM model of GIS, and combined with the monthly rainfall, land use data and NDVI data of Xingyi City, this paper studies the spatial distribution characteristics of soil in Xingyi City.Furthermore, the relationship between the change of soil corrosion intensity and the degree of land use and slope is further analyzed. The results show that: The main results are as follows: (1) in terms of space, the lower grade of soil erosion in Xingyi City is mainly distributed in the north and west of the city, and all of a sudden it is mainly block-shaped; Other high erosion grades are mainly distributed in the opposite direction of the city, that is, the south and east of the city, the degree of erosion is mainly a strip; (2) from an angle of view, the degree of erosion to soils from different angles is also different, for example, soils with slope ranges from eight degrees to fifteen degrees and fifteen degrees to twenty-five degrees will be subjected to the greatest degree of erosion. The erosion area has already accounted for 66.6% of the total ar...
