TranlationofBusinessContract一、商务合同概述•Acontractisanagreement,whichlegallybindsthepartiesconcerned.•在由StevenH.Gifts编著的“LawDictionary”中，contract被定义为“apromise,orasetofpromises,forbreachofwhichthelawgivesremedy,ortheperformanceofthewhichthelawinsomewayrecognizeasaduty.”•合同是一种承诺，违反承诺可以得到法律救助，在某种意义上，法律将履行该承诺看作是一种补偿。综上可见，合同是平等主体之间设立的确定民事权利和义务的法律协议。•合同英语属于庄重文体(thefrozenstyle是各种英语文体中正式程度最高的一种。总体来说，这种正式性体现在内容的专业性、语言的严谨性和结构的完整性等方面。合同种类•正式合同Contract(P197)•协议书Agreement•确议书Confirmation•备忘录Memorandum•订单Order•意向书Letterofintent二、商务合同的构成部分一.约首(thehead)1.合同名称Title2.前文(前言)Preamble1)Dateofsigning2)Signingparties3)Eachparty'sauthority当事人的合法依据4)Placeofsigning5)RecitalsorWHEREASclause定约缘由二.本文(Body)①定义条款(Definitionclause)②基本条款(Basicconditions)③一般条款(Generaltermsandconditions)a.合同有效期限(Duration)b.终止(Termination)c.不可抗力(ForceMajeure)d.合同的让与(Assignment)e.仲裁(Arbitration)f.适用法律(governinglaw)g.诉讼管辖(Jurisdiction)h.通知手续(Notice)i.合同的修改(Amendment)j.其他(Others)三.约尾(thetail)①结尾语包括合同的份数、使用的文字和效力等(Concludingsentence)②签名(Signature)③盖印(Seal)三、Featuresoflegaldocuments1.commonwordswithunusualmeaning•action诉讼alienation转让avoid取消counterpart有同等效力的副本•Prejudice提案save除了vacation休庭期间limitation时效minor未成年人•review审查案件，复审tort侵权Eg.1.Thankyouforyourconsideration.•Noconsideration,nocontract合同无对价不成立。Eg.2.Thetestatordiedwithoutissue立遗嘱人死亡时没有子嗣.•Thepartiescouldnotagreeontheissue.•ThepassportwasissuedbytheLiverpooloffice.2.OldEnglishTomakethecompoundwordsbyaddingafter,by,in,of,on,to,under,upon,orwithafterhere,there,orwhere•Hereafter:inthisdocumentandafterthispoint此后，以后•Hereby:inthiswayorbythisletter以此，特此，由此•Thereby:bythat按此，借此，从而，由此•Therefrom:fromthat从那里WhereasPartyAiswillingtoemployPartyBandPartyBagreestodoasPartyA’sengineerinBeijing,itisherebyagreesasfollows.鉴于甲方愿聘请乙方，乙方同意应聘为甲方在北京的工程师,双方协议如下：Inconsiderationofthemutualcovenantsandagreementhereincontained,thepartiesagreeasfollows.双方考虑到在此提出的契约和协议，同意如下条款.3.Usethesynonymouswordwithitsrelevantwords•Termsandconditions条件nullandvoid无效freeandclearof无•ableandwilling能够并愿意anyduties,obligationsorliabilities所有责任•applicablelaws,regulations,decrees,directives,andrules适用法律法规•charges,fees,costsandexpenses各种费用anyandall全部•covenantsandagreements合同，协议customsandusages惯例•importdutyandtax进口税捐keepsecretandconfidential保密•licensesandpermits许可packingandwrappingexpenses包装费•rightsandinterests权益settleclaimsanddebts清理债务•shipsandvessels船只signandissue签发•supportandmaintenance维护useandwont习惯，惯例1)ThisAgreementmadeandenteredintobyandbetweenABCCo.andXYZCo.ABC公司和XYZ公司双方签订本协议。2)Alldocuments,letters,telegramsandtelexesinterchangedbetweenbothpartiesbeforethesigningoftheContractshallbecomenullandvoidautomaticallyfromthedateonwhichtheContractcomesintoforce.双方在签约前交换的所有文件、书信、电报和电传，应从本合同生效之日开始自动失效。4.Latinatewords•alibi—不在犯罪现场adhoc-专门地defacto---...
