高三英语二轮突破 阅读理解特训15（含解析）.docVIP免费

《阅读理解特训：3真2模含解析》2014届高三英语二轮突破15C7[2013·江苏卷]BWe'veconsideredseveralwaysofpayingtocutinline：hiringlinestanders,buyingticketsfromscalpers(票贩子)，orpurchasingline－cuttingprivilegesdirectlyfrom，say，anairlineoranamusementpark.Eachofthesedealsreplacesthemoralsofthequeue(waitingyourturn)withthemoralsofthemarket(payingapriceforfasterservice)．Marketsandqueues—payingandwaiting—aretwodifferentwaysofallocatingthings，andeachisappropriatetodifferentactivities.Themoralsofthequeue，“Firstcome,firstserved，”haveanegalitarian(平等主义的)appeal.Theytellustoignoreprivilege，power，anddeeppockets.Theprincipleseemsrightonplaygroundsandatbusstops.Butthemoralsofthequeuedonotgovernalloccasions.IfIputmyhouseupforsale,Ihavenodutytoacceptthefirstofferthatcomesalong,simplybecauseit'sthefirst.Sellingmyhouseandwaitingforabusaredifferentactivities，properlygovernedbydifferentstandards.Sometimesstandardschange,anditisunclearwhichprincipleshouldapply.Thinkoftherecordedmessageyouhear，playedoverandover，asyouwaitonholdwhencallingyourbank：“Yourcallwillbeansweredintheorderinwhichitwasreceived.”Thisisessentialforthemoralsofthequeue.It'sasifthecompanyistryingtoeaseourimpatiencewithfairness.Butdon'ttaketherecordedmessagetooseriously.Today,somepeople'scallsareansweredfasterthanothers.Callcentertechnologyenablescompaniesto“score”incomingcallsandtogivefasterservicetothosethatcomefromrichplaces.Youmightcallthistelephonicqueuejumping.Ofcourse，marketsandqueuesarenottheonlywaysofallocatingthings.Somegoodswedistributebymerit，othersbyneed，stillothersbychance.However，thetendencyofmarketstoreplacequeues，andothernon－marketwaysofallocatinggoodsissocommoninmodernlifethatwescarcelynoticeitanymore.Itisstrikingthatmostofthepaidqueue－jumpingschemeswe'veconsidered—atairportsandamusementparks，incallcenters，doctors'offices，andnationalparks—arerecentdevelopments,scarcelyimaginablethreedecadesago.Thedisappearanceofthequeuesintheseplacesmayseemanunusualconcern，butthesearenottheonlyplacesthatmarketshaveentered.58．Accordingtotheauthor，whichofthefollowingseemsgovernedbytheprinciple“Firstcome，firstserved”？A．Takingbuses.B．Buyinghouses.C．Flyingwithanairline.D．Visitingamusementparks.59．TheexampleoftherecordedmessageinParagraphs4and5illustrates________．A．thenecessityofpatienceinqueuingB．theadvantageofmoderntechnologyC．theuncertaintyofallocationprincipleD．thefairnessoftelephonicservices60．Thepassageismeantto________．A．justifypayingforfasterservicesB．discussthemoralsofallocatingthingsC．analyzethereasonforstandinginlineD．criticizethebehaviorofqueuejumping【要点综述】本文是一篇议论文，主要讲述的是生活中购物买票等的插队问题。作者通过举例、道理分析来解读道德和市场的平衡问题，要想得到快速的服务，就要额外付出更多的费用，由此对在道德和市场竞争之间产生的矛盾进行探讨。58．A推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Firstcome,firstserved…”和第三段“Theprincipleseemsrightonplaygroundsandatbusstops.Butthemoralsofthequeuedonotgovernalloccasions.”可知选A项。59．C细节判断题。根据第四段“Sometimesstandardschange,anditisunclearwhichprincipleshouldapply.”和第五段可知，有时分配的原则是不断变化的，也就是说分配原则的不确定性，故选C项。60．B作者意图题。本文主要阐述了如何进行分配，讨论了基于分配原则的可变性的道德标准，故选B项。C7[2013·江西卷]BWheninternationalaidisgiven,stepsmustbetakentoensure(确...