专题限时集训(九)主旨大意之概括全文主题和段落大意A(2020·湖南师大附中模拟)TheBluePlanetII'slatestepisodefocusesonhowtheplasticishavingadestructiveeffectontheoceanandslowlypoisoningourseacreatures.ResearchersrecentlyalsofoundthatseacreatureslivinginthedeepestplaceonEarth，theMarianaTrench，haveplasticsintheirstomachs.Indeed,oceansaredrownedinplastics.Thoughitseemsthattheworldcouldn'tpossiblyfunctionwithoutplastics，plasticsarearemarkablyrecentinvention.Thefirstplasticbagswereintroducedinthe1950s，thesamedecadewhenplasticpackagingbegangainingpopularityintheUnitedStates.Thisgrowthhashappenedsofastthatscienceisstillcatchingupwiththechange.Plasticspollutionresearch，forinstance，isstillaveryearlyscience.Weputalltheseplasticsintotheenvironment，butwestilldon'treallyknowwhattheoutcomesaregoingtobe.Whatwedoknow，though，isdisturbing.Theoceanplasticisestimatedtokillmillionsofmarineanimalseveryyear.Nearly700species，includingendangeredones，areknowntohavebeenaffectedbyit.Oneinthreeleatherbackturtles，whichoftenmistakeplasticbagsforjellyfish，havebeenfoundwithplasticsintheirbellies.Ninetypercentofseabirdsarenoweatingplasticsonaregularbasis.By2050,thatfigureisexpectedtoriseto100percent.Andit'snotjustwildlifethatisthreatenedbytheplasticsinourseas.Humansareconsumingplasticsthroughtheseafoodweeat.Icouldunderstandwhysomepeopleseetheoceanplasticasadisaster，worthbeingmentionedinthesamebreathasclimatechange.Buttheoceanplasticisnotascomplicatedasclimatechange.Therearenooceantrashdeniers(否认者)，atleastsofar.Todosomethingaboutit，wedon'thavetoremakeourplanetenergysystem.Thisisnotaproblemwherewedon'tknowwhatthesolutionis.Weknowhowtopickupgarbage.Anyonecandoit.Weknowhowtodealwithit.Weknowhowtorecycle.Wecanallstartbythinkingtwicebeforeweusesingleuseplasticproducts.Thingsmayseemordinary，likeusingareusablebottleorareusablebag，butwhentakencollectively，thesechoicesreallydomakeadifference.【语篇解读】塑料(制品)在我们的生活中无处不在，但我们却把它们都抛到了环境中，给海洋以及海洋生物造成了灾难性的影响，同时也对人体造成很大危害。我们要从日常小事做起，注意自己的行为，避免塑料污染。1．Whyisplasticpollutionresearchstillaveryearlyscience?A．Theplasticpollutionresearchistoodifficult.B．Plasticshaveproducedlesspollutionthancoal.C．Plasticshavegainedpopularitytoofastforsciencetocatchupwith.D．Theworldcouldn'tpossiblyfunctionwithoutplastics.C[考查细节理解。根据第二段的内容可知，第一批塑料袋出现在20世纪50年代，同一时期，塑料包装开始流行起来。塑料的发展如此之快，以至于科学研究仍在努力追赶塑料发展的速度。由此可知，对塑料污染问题的研究才开展不久，是因为塑料发展速度太快，使得科学研究没能及时跟上，故C项正确。]2．HowdidtheauthorsupporthisopinioninParagraph3?A．Bycitingquotesfromleadingexperts.B．Bymakingacomparisonandcontrast.C．Bylistingexamplesfromhisownexperience.D．Bypresentingsolidstatistics.D[考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“killmillionsofmarineanimals”“Nearly700species”“Oneinthreeleatherbackturtles”“Ninetypercentofseabirds”等可知，作者通过列数据来支撑自己的观点，故选择D项。]3．Whatdoestheauthorintendtotellusinthelastparagraph?A．Wereapwhatwesow.B．Theshortestanswerisdoing.C．Allthingsaredifficultbeforetheyareeasy.D．Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.B[考查推理判断。根据文章最后一段尤其是最后一句的内容可知，作者号召我们从一些日常小事做起，这些行动都会有很大的影响。所以B项(最直接的答案就是行动起来)是正确的。]...
