八年级英语下册 Unit 3 Online travel Grammar知识点拨 牛津版VIP免费

Unit3Onlinetravel一、教学内容：Unit3OnlinetravelGrammar二.教学目标：掌握Unit3的词法结构和用法：PassiveVoice1.被动语态结构：be+动词的过去分词。2.重点掌握以下6种情况的被动语态：①一般现在时的被动语态(am/is/are+过去分词)②一般过去时的被动语态(was/were+过去分词)③一般将来时的被动语态(willbe+过去分词)/(am/is/aregoingtobe+过去分词)④现在进行时的被动语态(am/is/arebeing+过去分词)⑤现在完成时的被动语态(have/hasbeen+过去分词)⑥含有情态动词的被动语态(情态动词+be+过去分词)3.重点掌握两种特殊情况的被动语态①含有使役动词、感官动词和help后接不带to的动词不定式改为被动语态时要加上to。②双宾语的情况改为被动语态时有两种改法。4.特别注意happen(takeplace)及系动词feel,sound,taste,smell,look等没有被动语态的情况。经典讲解：被动语态英语中的语态(voice)英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。1)主动语态(activevoice)表示主语是动作的发出者、执行者.ManypeoplespeakEnglish.主语manypeople发出、执行了speak的动作2)被动语态(passivevoice)表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的接受者。Englishisspokenbymanypeople.主语English是动词speak的承受者。被动语态的构成被动语态由“be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be动词的变化表现出来的。现以teach为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。一般现在时：am／is／are＋taught一般过去时：was／were＋taught一般将来时：will／shallbe＋taught现在进行时：am／is／arebeing＋taught过去进行时：was／weredoing＋taught现在完成时：have／hasbeen＋taught（一）一般现在时的被动语态一般现在时被动语态表示经常性、习惯性的被动动作。am/is/are+done改为被动语态e.g.1：Hisbrotherwashesbowlseveryday.Bowlsarewashedbyhisbrothereveryday.e.g.2：Adogfollowsme.I’mfollowedbyadog.e.g.3:Footballisplayedallovertheworld.否定句：Footballisnotplayedallovertheworld.一般疑问句：Isfootballplayedallovertheworld?翻译句子：1.这些玩具是中国制造的。ThesetoysaremadeinChina2.这个公园是为老年人建造的。Theparkisbuiltfortheold.【典型例题】一般现在时的主动语态变被动语态：1.Brucewritesalettereveryweek.【答案】→AletteriswrittenbyBruceeveryweek.2.Thisfactoryproducesmachinetools.【答案】→Machinetoolsareproducedinthisfactory.3.Theyoftenmakefunofher.【答案】→Sheisoftenmadefunof.4.Everyonerespectsher.【答案】→Sheisrespectedbyeveryone.5.Wecleanourclassroomeveryday.【答案】→Ourclassroomiscleanedbyuseveryday.6.Doyouwashyourclothesveryoften?【答案】→Areyourclotheswashedveryoften?7.MostpeopleintheUSAspeakEnglish.【答案】→EnglishisspokenbymostpeopleintheUSA.8.Peoplelistentothisprogrammeinmanycountries.【答案】→Thisprogrammeislistenedtoinmanycountries.9.PeoplespeakEnglishinmanycountries.【答案】→Englishisspokeninmanycountries.10.Doyouoftencleanyourroom?【答案】→Isyourroomoftencleanedbyyou?（二）一般过去时的被动语态一）掌握一般过去时的被动语态的概念及构成一般过去时的被动语态表示过去经常性、习惯性的被动性动作或过去某一时刻发生的被动性动作。句型格式：was/were+done即由主语(动作承受者)+was/were+过去分词(+by+施动者)构成。与主动语态相比,被动语态中主语是谓语动作的执行者。无需说明动作执行者时可省去“by+动作执行者”。句中主语就是原主动语态的宾语，动作执行者就是原主动语态的主语。was,were由主语单复数形式而定，主语为第三人称单数名词或代词或I时用was，主语为复数名词或代词或you时用were。例：1.去年，我是由赵老师教的。IwastaughtbyMissZhaolastyear.2.那些信是由一位有名作家写的。Thoseletterswerewrittenbyafamouswriter.3.昨天晚上那条裙子被买走了。Thatskirtwasboughtlastnight.4.－我的书在哪里？－刚才它被放在桌子上的。－Whereismybook?－Itwasputonthede...