Unit3InventorsandinventionsⅠ.阅读理解(2018·福建福州八县一中第二次月考)ThreeChileanstudentsgottheideaforaplant-powereddevicetochargetheircellphones,whilesittingintheirschool’soutdoorcourtyardduringabreakfromexams,withdeadmobilephones.Then,oneofthemhadan“aha”moment.“ItoccurredtoCamilatosayaboutplants,”saidinventorEvelynAravena.“Therearesomanyplantsandlivingthingsthathavethepotentialtoproduceenergy;whydon’ttheyhaveachargingoutlet?”Theirinvention—asmallbiologicalcircuit(生物电路板)calledE-Kaia—takesadvantageoftheenergyplantsproduceduringphotosynthesis(光合作用).Aplantusesonlyasmallamountofthatenergy—therestgoesintothesoil,andthat’swheretheE-Kaiacollectsit.Thedeviceliterallyplugsintothegroundandthenintoyourphone.“Theybroughttheprototype;theprototypeworked—andthat’swhenitallchanged.It’sthemostamazingprojectI’veeverseeninmylife,plainandsimple,butitwastransformational.AndIbegantosupportthem,”saidMauricioCifuentesofDuocUniversity.Thedevicesolvedtwoproblemsfortheengineeringstudents—theyneededanideaforaclassprojectandanoutlettoplugintheirphones.“Lookingforaplacetochargethemobilephonesandthenotebookthathadnoenergy,weweren’tabletofindanythingbecausealltheotherstudentswereinthesamestateofmadnesstryingtofindaplacetochargetheirdevices,”saidAravena.Butplantsareeverywhere,andthebiologicalcircuitusestheirexcesspower.“Thereisacompleteenergycycleoftheplant.Wedecidedtoincorporateintothecycle,andthenwewouldnotaffecttheplant’sgrowth.Thebiologicalcircuitmakesanacquisitionandthatistransformedintoenergytolatermakechargesforlowconsumption,”saidinventorCamilaRupcich.TheE-Kaiadoesn’tcarrymuchcharge,butit’spowerfulenoughtocompletelyrechargeamobilephoneinlessthantwohours.Thestudentinventorshaveappliedforpatentontheirtechnology,andexpecttheE-KaiatogoonsaleinDecember.1.Accordingtothetext,theE-Kaia.A.shouldbeputintoamobilephoneB.mayslightlyaffecttheplant’sgrowthC.collectstheenergyplantsproducefromthesoilD.consumesseveralhourstochargeamobilephone2.Theunderlinedword“prototype”inPara.4canbereplacedby“”.A.originalmodelB.outdoorplantC.mobilephoneD.keyconcept3.Theinventionoftheplant-powereddeviceshowsthat.A.goodthingsrequiretimeB.wisdomisbetterthanstrengthC.necessityisthemotherofinventionD.Godhelpsthosewhohelpthemselves4.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.Photosynthesisbringsplantsenergy.B.Thereareefficientwaystochargephones.C.Theenergycycleoftheplantisquitepowerful.D.Chileanstudentsfindagreenwaytochargephones.导学号〚23280152〛Ⅱ.七选五阅读Secretcodes(密码)keepmessagesprivate.Banks,companies,andgovernmentagenciesusesecretcodesindoingbusiness,especiallywheninformationissentbycomputer.Peoplehaveusedsecretcodesforthousandsofyears.1Codebreakingneverlags(落后)farbehindcodemaking.Thescienceofcreatingandreadingcodedmessagesiscalledcryptography.Therearethreemaintypesofcryptography.2Forexample,thefirstlettersof“Myelephanteatstoomanyeels”spelloutthehiddenmessage“Meetme.”3Youmightrepresenteachletterwithanumber,forexample.Let’snumberthelettersofthealphabet,inorder,from1to26.Ifwesubstituteanumberforeachletter,themessage“Meetme”wouldread“135520135.”Acodeusessymbolstoreplacewords,phrases,orsentences.Toreadthemessageofarealcode,youmusthaveacodebook.4Forexample,“bridge”mightstandfor“meet”and“out”mightstandfor“me.”Themessage“Bridgeout”wouldactuallymean“Meetme.”5However,itisalsoh...
