Module3Literature-Task素材Period9Task—PreparingafactfileonCharlesDickens■Goal●Tolearntomakeafile■ProceduresStep1:SurftheInternetforrelatedinformationStep2:MakeadisplayofyourfactfileMoreaboutCharlesDickensCharlesDickenswasborninPortsmouthon7thFebruary1812,thesecondofeightchildren.Hisfatherwasagovernmentclerkwhowasputinprisonforthreemonthsfordebt.Afterworkinginafactoryandhisfather’releasefromprison,Dickenswassenttoschool.At15,hestartedworkinginafirmofattorneysinLondon’sGray’sInn.Dickenstaughthimselfshorthandandin1834hebecameareporterfordebatesinParliamentfortheMorningChroniclenewspaper.In1836hemarriedCatherineHogarth,withwhomhehadtenchildren.HisfirstnovelwasThePickwickPaperswhichbecameanationalsuccess.Likeallofhissubsequentnovels,itwaspublishedseriallyinparts,andalsoverycheaply.Itwasonlypublishedasacompletenovellater.Hisnovelsthenflowedinquicksuccession:OliverTwist,NicholasNickleby,TheOldCuriosityShop,andBarnabyRudge.DickensthenvisitedAmerica,andhadatriumphantreception;howeverhewasdisillusionedbytheyoungrepublic.HewroteabouthisexperiencesinAmericaNotes.Hepublishedfirst,andmostfamous,ofhisChristmasBooks—AChristmasCarolin1843,followedbyMartinChuzlewit.HetraveledinEurope—Italy,SwitzerlandandParisintheperiod1844—1846,andonhisreturnwroteDombeyandSonandDavidCopperfieldwhichweremoreseriousandbetterplannedthanhisearliernovels.In1850hefoundedhisweeklymagazineHouseholdWords.Inhislaterworks,Dickens’socialcriticismbecamestronger,andhissatiremoreconcentrated:BleakHouse,HardTimes,LittleDorrit,ATaleofTwoCities,GreatExpectations,OurMutualFriend.In1858hehadseparatedfromhiswifeandbefriendedayoungactresscalledEllenTerman,whomayhavebecomehismistress.Inthatyear,healsobegananendlessseriesofpublicreadingsofhiswork.From1865hestartedtobecomeill,andareadingtriptoAmericain1867-1868certainlydidn’thelphishealth.Dickens’lastnovel,TheMysteryofEdwinDrood,wasnevercompleted,ashesufferedastrokeanddiedon9thJune,1870.Mainworks:ThePickwickPapersOliverTwistOurMutualFriendNicholasNicklebyTheOldCuriosityShopBarnabyRudgeMartinChuzzlewitDombeyandSonDavidCopperfieldBleakHouseHardTimesLittleDorritOurMutualFriendATaleofTwoCitiesGreatExpectationsIfyouwanttomoreworks,pleasegotohttp://www.dbmov.com/People/16372/Filmography/OliverTwisttellsthestoryofapoorchildnamedOliverTwist.Heisborninaworkhouseandbroughtupundermiserableconditions.Afterexperiencinganunhappyapprenticeshiptoundertaker,herunsawaytoLondon,wherehefallsintothehandsofagangofthieves.Thenheismadetobeapickpocket.AbenevolentricholdmancalledMr.Brownlowrescueshimandtakeshimhome,butthethieveskidnaphimandmakehimjointhemonceagain.AbadpersonnamedMonks,whoturnsouttobeOliverinthegang,inordertoruinhimandobtainthewholeofhisfather’sproperty.ThenOliverismadetohelponeofthethievesinbreakingintoalady’shouse.Hegetswounded,andcomesintothehandsofaladywhoturnedouttobeheraunt.FinallythethievesinthegangarepunishedandOliver’shalfbrotheriscompelledtoconfesshisevildoingsandputintoprison.OliverisadoptedbyMr.Brownlow.Thisnovelisapowerfulexposureofbourgeoissociety.Itshowstheextremebrutalityandcorruptionoftheoppressorsandtheiragentsunderthemaskofphilanthropy.Dickens,thegreatcriticalrealistgivesvividdescriptionsoftheirsufferingsofthepoorandoppressed.WeseethatDickens,whilesympathizingwiththemiseriesofthepeople,didnotknowwhatorwhowasresponsibleforsuchmiseriesandevencherishedillusionaboutrich,idleandbenevolentpeoplelikeMr.Brownlow.Hebelievedthatthewholesocialproblemswouldbesolvedifonlyeveryemployerfollowedtheexamplesetby“goodgentlemen”likeBrownlow.
