SectionⅢGrammar——被动语态语境自主领悟先观察原句后自主感悟①BoththeheadsetsandtheglovesareconnectedtoacomputernetworkintheVRstudio.②Inonecase，ateenagerwhowasafraidoftalkingandplayingwithhisschoolmateswastreatedwithVR.③Toachievethis，specialVRheadsetsaredesignedtoallowtheuserstoseein3Dandhearthesoundallaroundthem.④Engineerscanenterthedesignofaneighbourhoodintoacomputer，andthenuseVRto“walk”aroundtheneighbourhood，seehowitlooksandmakechangesbeforeconstructioniscarriedout.⑤Besidesthis，VRcanbeusedtopractiseskillsinasecureenvironmentthatotherwisewouldbequitedangerous.⑥However，withVRweareabletodothingsthatcouldneverbeachievedinreallife.1.在被动语态的句子中主语是动作的承受者。2.在被动语态的句子中谓语的基本构成形式为：be＋及物动词的过去分词。3.在被动语态的句子中谓语可以有各种时态或含有情态动词。一、基本概念英语中动词有主动语态(ActiveVoice)和被动语态(PassiveVoice)之分。如果主语是动作或状态的发出者，动词就用主动语态；如果主语是动作或状态的承受者，动词就用被动语态。OurEnglishteacherencouragedMary.我们英语老师鼓励了玛丽。MarywasencouragedbyourEnglishteacher.玛丽受到了我们英语老师的鼓励。上面第一句中的动词encouraged是主动语态；第二句中的动词wasencouraged是被动语态。二、被动语态的基本构成形式被动语态的基本结构是：“be/get＋及物动词的过去分词”。被动语态的谓语动词有各种时态变化，以动词take为例，其常见时态的被动形式如下表：一般现在时am/is/aretaken一般过去时was/weretaken现在进行时am/is/are过去进行时was/werebeingtakenbeingtaken现在完成时have/hasbeentaken过去完成时hadbeentaken一般将来时will/shallbetaken过去将来时would/shouldbetakenThedisabledarerespectedinourcountry.残疾人在我们国家受到尊敬。Tom'slegswerebadlyinjuredinanaccidentlastyear.在去年的一次事故中，汤姆的双腿严重受伤。Apresentationwillbegivenonthenewproducts.将会有一场关于新产品的介绍会。Besides，manyseacreaturesarebeingwipedoutbyfishingboats.此外，大量的海洋生物正被捕捞船赶尽杀绝。TheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofthismachinewerebeingdiscussedwhenIwentintothemeetingroom.当我走进会议室的时候，这台机器的优缺点正在被讨论。Thenewswouldbesenttothesoldier'smotherassoonasitarrived.那个消息一到就会被传达给那个士兵的妈妈。Overtheyearsseveralsimilartheorieshavebeenputforward.几年来已经有好几个类似理论相继被提出。Buttooursurprise，thenextmorning，weweretoldthatthemoneyhadbeenstolen.但令我们吃惊的是，第二天早上，我们被告知那些钱被偷了。[即时训练1]用所给词的适当形式填空①Iwasgiven(give)anewbookonmylastbirthday.②Theroomhadbeencleaned(clean)beforewecame.③Thephysicslessonwillbetaught(teach)inthelabtomorrow.④Theflowersarebeingwatered(water)bythemnow.⑤Thegiantpandaisloved(love)bypeoplethroughouttheworld.⑥Wewon'tstarttheworkuntilallthepreparationshavebeenmade(make)．三、被动语态的特殊结构形式1．情态动词(may，might，can，could，should，oughtto，must)＋be＋过去分词，构成被动语态。Nowadays，solarenergycanbeusedtoproduceelectricityinmanycountries.现在太阳能在许多国家可以被用来发电。Arealsenseofachievementandhappinessmaybefelt.一种真正的成就感和幸福感可以被感觉到。Thepollutionmustbestopped.必须停止污染。2．使役动词和感官动词的被动语态(1)在使役动词have，make，get以及感官动词see，watch，notice，hear，feel，observe等后面不定式作宾语补足语时，在主动结构中不定式to要省略，但变为被动结构时，要加上to。get，leave，cause等使役动词的宾语补足语是带to的不定式，变为被动语态时该不定式不变。Myfathermademestayuplatetofinishmyhomework.(表示主动)Iwasmadetost...
