新概念英语第二册语法总结：非谓语动词之分词1．分词的性质：具有形容词性质，可以在句中担任表语、定语、宾补、状语，现在分词表示主动，且动作在进行：过去分词表示被动，或动作已完成。2．分词的形式：例：write(vt)rise(vi)主动语态被动语态主动过去分词时态现在时writingbeingwrittenrisingrisen完成时havingwrittenhavingbeenwrittenhavingrisen3．用法：（1）定语分词置于被修饰名词前分词短语于置于被修饰名词后asleepingbaby=ababywhoissleepingarunningdog=adogwhichisrunningabrokenglass=aglasswhichisbrokenabeatenteam=ateamwhichisbeaten（beaten是被打败的意思）Thisistheproblemdiscussedatthelastmeeting.Theproblembeingdiscussedisveryimportant.（2）表语：Thebookisinteresting.Heisinterestedinthebook.Thenewsisexciting.Hefeelsexcited.（3）宾语补足语：WhenIwokeup,Ifoundmymothersittingbesideme.I'dliketohavethispackageweighed.掌握精髓：动词不定式作宾语表示动作的全过程，而现在分词作宾补表示动作正在进行；过去分词表示被动概念。（4）状语：（以下例句值得一背！）①Ifyouturntotheleft,you'llfindthestation.→Turningtotheleft,you'llfindthestation.②AsIdidn'treceiveherletter,Icalledherupbytelephone.→Notreceivingherletter,Icalledherupbytelephone.③WhileIwaswalkingtoschoolyesterdaymorning,Imetafriend.→Walkingtoschoolyesterdaymorning,Imetafriend.④Whenshewasaskeditshehadanybadhabit,sheansweredthatshewasaheavysmoker.→Askedifshehadanybadhabit,sheansweredthatshewasaheavysmoker.你知道吗？注意：在运用此类句型时主语前后要保持一致。①Whenschoolwasover,theboyswenthome.→Beingover,theboyswenthome.×Schoolbeingover,theboyswenthome.√②Asmyhomeworkhasbeendone,Ihavenothingelsetodo.→Myhomeworkhavingbeendone,Ihavenothingelsetodo.③Ifweatherpermits,I'llstarttomorrow.→Weatherpermitting,I'llstarttomorrow.4．分词的时态：现在分词一般时表示此动作与主句谓语动词同时发生。现在分词完成时表示此动作在主句谓语动词之前发生。Enteringtheroom,hesawhe.（几乎同时）Nothavingtriedhisbest,hefailedintheexam.（分词动作在前）5．语态：现在分词一般时被动表动作正在被进行，完成时被动强调分词所表示的动作先被完成。Theshipsbeingloadedandunloadedbelongtous.Havingbeenwarnedoftyphoon,thefishermensailedforthenearestharbor.（渔民先被告知而后驶向港口）测试精编1.The________newsmadethem________.A.excite/excitingB.exciting/excitedC.exciting/tobeexcitedD.excited/excited2.________ananswerfromthecommittee,hewasworried.A.HavingnotgotB.GettingnotC.NothavinggotD.Havingnotbeengot3.________,allthequarrelscametoanend.A.ThelostmoneywasfoundB.WasthelostmoneyfoundC.BecausethelostmoneyfoundD.Withthelostmoneyfound4.Manyofourdreams________impossibleinthepasthavecometrue.A.wereconsideredB.tobeconsideredC.consideringD.considered5.Thehallwassonoisyforthespeakertomakehimself________.A.hearB.beingheardC.hearingD.heard6.Afterawholeday'sheavywork,theoldworkerreturnedhome,________.A.hungryandexhaustedB.hungryandexhaustingC.hungryandbeingexhaustedD.hungryandexhaust（后设答案，大家不要偷看哦~(*^__^*)嘻嘻……）KEYS1.B2.C3.D4.D5.D6.A
