SectionⅢGrammar—虚拟语气（Ⅰ）[语法初识]原句感知自主探究①Ifyouwereheadofthegovernment,wouldyouallowcloning?②IfIhadtakenyouradvice,Iwouldn’thavemadesuchamistake.③Ifitweretorain/shouldrain/rained,thecropswouldbesaved.④HadIworkedhard,Iwouldhavesurelysucceeded.⑤WereIstrongenoughnow,Iwouldcarrytheboxupstairswithouteffort.⑥Shouldheagreetogothere,wewouldsendhimthere.⑦Iftheyhadstartedearlyyesterdaymorning,theywouldbeherenow.⑧Ifyouhadtakenthemedicineontime,youwouldbehealthyenoughtogotoschoolnow.⑨Butforyourhelp,wecouldn’thavesucceeded.⑩Wedidn’tknowhistelephonenumber,otherwisewewouldhavetelephonedhim.1.①②③句为if引导的非真实条件句的三种基本形式。2．④⑤⑥句为省略if的虚拟条件句。3．⑦⑧句中，主句与从句动作发生的时间不一致，称之为错综时间条件句。4．⑨⑩句中，假设的条件不用if条件从句表示，而是通过副词otherwise或介词短语but_for等表达出来，这类句子叫“含蓄条件句”。[语法剖析]语法点一虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的应用1．虚拟条件句中主从句的谓语形式虚拟语气从句谓语主句谓语与现在事实相反did(be用were)would/should/could/might＋do与将来事实相反①did(be用were)②wereto＋do③should＋dowould/should/could/might＋do与过去事实相反had＋donewould/should/could/might＋havedoneIfhewereherenow,Icouldaskhimthequestion.如果他现在在这儿，我就能问他这个问题。Ifyouhadtakenmyadvice,youwouldn’thavefailedtheexam.如果你接受了我的建议，你就不会考试不及格了。Ifitrained/weretorain/shouldraintomorrow,IwouldnotgotoBeijing.如果明天下雨，我不会去北京。2．错综时间条件句虚拟语气中，条件从句中谓语可以和主句中的谓语发生时间不一致，这时从句和主句要根据各自所发生的时间选用符合具体时间的虚拟语气形式。Ifhehadtoldmeaboutityesterday,Ishouldknowwhattodonow.如果他昨天告诉我这件事，我现在就知道做什么了。IfIwereyou,Iwouldn’thavemissedthefilmlastnight.如果我是你，我就不会错过昨天晚上的那部电影。Ifheweretoleave,youwouldhaveheardaboutit.如果他要走，你早就听到这个消息了。3．虚拟条件句的省略和倒装虚拟条件句中若含有were,had或should，可以把if省略，把were,had或should提到句首，构成部分倒装。Weremymotherhere,shewouldgivemesomeadvice.如果我母亲在这儿，她会给我一些建议。Hadhetoldmehewouldgotothehospital,Iwouldhavegonewithhim.要是他告诉我他要去医院的话，我就会同他一起去了。Shouldherefusemetomorrow,Iwouldbeverysad.如果他明天拒绝我，我会非常伤心。集中演练11－1.单句语法填空①Ifshehadn’t_read(notread)thebooksabouttheSecondWorldWar,shecouldn’thaveansweredthequestion.②Itwouldbeperfectiftheywere(be)heretomorrow.③IfIlived(live)nearmyworkplace,Iwouldwalktoworkeveryday.④Ifheweretofindajobatonce,hecould_support(support)himself.⑤Ifyouhad_listened(listen)tothedoctor,youwouldbefinenow.⑥Hadyouworkedhard,youwould_have_passed(pass)thefinaltest.⑦Ifwehadn’tgoteverythingready,wewould_be(be)havingaterribletimetomorrow.1－2.句型转换⑧IfIshouldgoabroad,IwouldgotoAmerica.→ShouldIgoabroad,_IwouldgotoAmerica.⑨IfIhadknownaboutthiscomputerprogram,ahugeamountoftimeandenergywouldhavebeensaved.→HadIknownaboutthiscomputerprogram,ahugeamountoftimeandenergywouldhavebeensaved.⑩IfIwereyou,Iwouldapologisetohim.→WereIyou,_Iwouldapologisetohim.语法点二含蓄条件句有时假设的条件不通过条件从句表现出来，而是暗含在上下文或with,without,or(else),otherwise,butfor等引出的短语中。Myparentslentmemoney.Otherwise,Icouldnothaveaffordedthetrip.我的父母借钱给我了。否则的话我可能付不起这次的旅费。Ididn’tknowthathewasacheat,or(else)Iwouldn’thavebelievedhim.我不知道他是个骗...
