高中英语 Unit 15 Learning Section Ⅴ Grammar教案（含解析）北师大版必修5-北师大版高二必修5英语教案VIP免费

SectionⅤGrammar单元语法项目(一)——虚拟语气(Ⅰ)语法图解探究发现①IfIwereyou,Iwouldfollowhisadvice.②IfI'dwantedtoseethem,Iwouldhavehadtovisittheminperson.③IfIhadtimetomorrow,Iwouldattendtheconcert.④Ifitweretoraintomorrow,thesportsmeetingwouldbeputoff.⑤IfIshoulddotheexperiment,Iwoulddoitsomeotherway.⑥Hadyouinformedmeearlier,Iwouldn'thavesignedthecontract.⑦Butfortherain(＝Ifithadn'trained),weshouldhavearrivedyesterday.⑧I'mreallybusy,otherwiseIwouldcertainlygowithyou.(otherwise＝ifIwerenotsobusy)⑨Ifhewerealivenow,hemighthavegrownintoahandsomeyoungman.[我的发现](1)句①表示与现在事实相反的虚拟语气；句②表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气；③、④、⑤句表示与将来事实相反的虚拟语气。(2)句⑥中if省略，从句的主、谓语要倒装。(3)虚拟条件句中，表示与现在事实相反的假设时，be动词一般用were。(4)⑦、⑧句是含蓄虚拟条件句；句⑨是错综时间虚拟条件句，从句说明的是现在的情况，主句说明的是过去的情况。在英语中，语气分为陈述语气、疑问语气、祈使语气和虚拟语气。虚拟语气表示说话人的愿望、假设、猜测或建议，多表示与事实相反。虚拟语气通过谓语动词的变化形式来表示。一、if引导的虚拟条件句1．虚拟条件句的主、从句谓语形式所述情况从句主句与过去事实相反if＋主语＋had＋动词过去分词主语＋would/could/might/should＋have＋过去分词与现在事实相反if＋主语＋动词过去式(be动词用were)主语＋would/could/might/should＋动词原形与将来事实相反①if＋主语＋动词过去式②if＋主语＋wereto＋动词原形③if＋主语＋should＋动词原形主语＋would/could/might/should＋动词原形IfsheknewEnglish,shewouldnotaskmeforhelp.如果她懂英语的话，她就不会找我帮忙。(现在)Ifyouhadgotupearlier,youcouldhavecaughtthetrain.你如果早一点儿起床，就会赶上火车的。(过去)Ifitwerefinetomorrow,Iwouldgoshopping.如果明天天气好，我就去买东西。(将来)2．be动词在虚拟条件句中的形式在虚拟条件句中，动词be的过去式通常用were(不管是单数还是复数)，但在现代英语中，单数情况也可以用was。但是在某些表达(ifIwereyou,asitwere等)中，be只能用were。Wecouldaskhimifhewere/washere.他要是在这里，我们就可以问问他了。Theskyiscovered,asitwere,withablackcurtain.天空好像是被黑幕遮住了似的。3．倒装虚拟句如果从句中有were/should/had(“had”是过去完成时的助动词)时，省略if的同时，把该词提到主语的前面，构成部分倒装。IfIhadhadanymoneywithme,Icouldhavelentyousome.→HadIhadanymoneywithme,Icouldhavelentyousome.要是我当时有钱的话，我会借给你一些。[即时演练1](1)用所给词的适当形式填空①(2016·北京高考改编)Whydidn'tyoutellmeaboutyourtroublelastweek?Ifyouhad_told(tell)me,Icouldhavehelped.②(2016·天津高考改编)Iwaswearingaseatbelt.IfIhadn'tbeenwearingone,Iwould_have_been_injured(injure)．③Were(be)Iyou,Iwouldthinkaboutthisproblemonceagain.④(2015·江苏高考改编)Itmighthavesavedmesometroublehad(have)Iknowntheschedule.⑤(2015·北京高考改编)IfIhadn'tseenitwithmyowneyes,Iwouldn'thave_believed(believe)it.(2)单句改错①Iftherewasnomusic,theworldwouldbeverydull.was→were②Ifyouwouldcometomorrow,youmightseehim.would→should③IfIhaveknownthatyouwerecoming,Iwouldhavegonetothestationtopickyouup.第一个have→had④IwouldhavehelpedyoumoreifIhadbeensobusy.had后加not二、含蓄虚拟条件句1．用with,without,butfor等介词或介词短语代替条件句Butforyourhelp,ourexperimentwouldn'thavebeensosuccessful.假如没有你们的帮助，我们的实验是不会如此成功的。Withoutyourhelp,Icouldn'thaveworkedoutthemathsproblem.没有你的帮助，我不可能解出那道数学题。2．用or或者otherwise代替条件句Ididn'tattendthemeetinglastnight,orIwouldhavemetMrSmith.我昨晚没有参加会议，要不...