江苏省苏大附中高三英语暑期自主学习讲义3VIP免费

"江苏省苏大附中高三英语暑期自主学习讲义3"【知识梳理】基本句型：虚拟语气(一)虚拟语气在条件从句中的用法1.虚拟条件从句和主句的动词形式条件从句主句例句与现在事实相反的假设If+主语+动词的过去式（be动词用were）主语+should/would/could/might+动词原形IfIhadenoughmoneynow,Iwouldlendittoyou.IfIwereyou,Ishouldseizethechancetogoabroad.与过去事实相反的假设If+主语+had+过去分词主语+should/would/could/might+have+动词过去分词IshouldnothavelaughedifIhadthoughtyouwereserious.【2013江苏】与将来事实相反的假设①If+主语+动词过去式②If+主语+wereto+动词原形③If+主语+should+动词原形主语+should/would/could/might+动词原形Ifyoucametomorrow,wewouldhavethemeeting.Ifitweretoraintomorrow,thesportsmeetingwouldbeputoff.Ifheshouldnotcometomorrow,weshouldputoffthemeetingtillnextMonday.2.错综时间条件句：有时条件从句中的动作和主句中的动作发生的时间不一致，这时动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间加以调整。如：IfhehadspentmoretimepracticingspeakingEnglishbefore,hewouldbeabletospeakitmuchbetternow.【2013天津】3.含蓄条件句：有时句中无明显的虚拟条件句，而是利用其它手段或方式来暗示存在虚拟条件。其虚拟的结构形式通过主句来表现。常用来表示含蓄虚拟条件的方式有：（1）介词或介词短语（代替状语从句）：butfor,without,with,whatif等。如：Withoutairandwater,therewouldbenolivingthingsontheearth.(2)用or,otherwise等类似转折词。如：Iwasillthatday.Otherwise,Iwouldhavetakenpartinthesportsmeeting.(3)根据上下文语境来表示某种假设情况。如：Iwouldhavegonetomycousin’sbirthdaypartylastnight,butIwasnotavailable.【2013安徽】4.条件句中有were,had,should,could时，可以省略if，而把were,had,should,could放在主语前，用倒装结构。如：Wereitnecessary,Imightresign.Hadyouinformedmeearlier,Iwouldn’thavesignedthecontract.(二)虚拟语气在名词性从句中的用法1.advise,demand,insist,order,propose,request,recommend,require,suggest等表示请求、要求、命令或建议的动词所接的宾语从句一般用虚拟语气，结构为：（should）+动词原形。如：Eyedoctorsrecommendthatachild’sfirsteyeexambeattheageofsixmonthsold.【2013浙江】1.advice,idea,order,plan,demand,proposal,suggestion,request等表示请求、要求、命令或建议的名词之后的表语从句和同位语从句也要用虚拟语气，结构为：（should）+动词原形2.在“Itis/wassuggested(desired,ordered,demanded,required,requested,proposed,etc.)that..”结构中，that引导的主语从句也用虚拟语气，结构为：（should）+动词原形3.在表达惊异、惋惜、遗憾、理应如此等意义的主语从句中常使用虚拟语气，其虚拟语气的结构为：should+动词原形。4.wish之后的宾语从句，表示一种没有实现或根本不可能实现的愿望，常用虚拟语气。与现在事实相反，用were或动词的一般过去式；与过去事实相反，用had+过去分词；表示将来没有把握或不太可能实现的愿望，用would/could/might/+动词原形，其后的从句不能用should.5.wouldrather,hadrather,wouldsooner等后的宾语从句，表示过去的情况用过去完成时，表示现在与将来的情况用过去时。【巩固训练】一、单项填空1.Hewouldhavefinishedhiscollegeeducation,buthe______toquitandfindajobtosupporthisfamily.A.hadhadB.hasC.hadD.wouldhave2.Ididn’thaveenoughmoneyonme,orI________thatiPhoneonsaletheotherday.A.wouldbuyB.wouldhaveboughtC.willbuyD.hadbought3.—Let’splayfootballtogethertomorrowafternoon.—OK,buthowIwishI________itasskillfullyasyou.A.willplayB.haveplayedC.hadplayedD.played4.Ican’tthankyou_________much.Withoutyourhelp,I________infindingmylostson.A.so;wouldn’thavesucceededB.too;wouldn’tsucceedC.too;wouldn’thavesucceededD.that;wouldn’tsucceed5.Iwishthecitygovernor__________somethingtoimprovet...