Unit3TheworldofcoloursandlightSection2BackgroundinformationI.Avocabularyaboutdifferentcoloursbeige米色black黑色blue蓝色brown褐色，棕色bright鲜bronze古銅色dark深flesh肉色fluorescent荧光gold金色green绿色green-yellow青色grey灰色light浅maroon紫褐色；褐红色orange橙色pink粉红purple紫色red红色silver银色transparent透明white白色yellow黄色II.AnintroductiontoPicassoandtheperiodswhichhispaintingswentthrough1.IntroductionPicasso,PabloRuizy(1881-1973),Spanishpainter,whoiswidelyacknowledgedtobethemostimportantartistofthe20thcentury.Along-livedandhighlyprolific(producingagreatnumberoramountofsomething)artist,heexperimentedwithawiderangeofstylesandthemesthroughouthiscareer.AmongPicasso’smanycontributionstothehistoryofart,hismostimportantincludepioneeringthemodernartmovementcalledcubism,inventingcollageasanartistictechnique,anddevelopingassemblage(constructionsofvariousmaterials)insculpture.PicassowasbornPabloRuizinMálaga,Spain.Helateradoptedhismother’smoredistinguishedmaidenname—Picasso—ashisown.ThoughSpanishbybirth,PicassolivedmostofhislifeinFrance.2.FormativeWork(1893-1900)Picasso’sfather,whowasanartteacher,quicklyrecognizedthathischildPablowasaprodigy.PicassostudiedartfirstprivatelywithhisfatherandthenattheAcademyofFineArtsinLaCoruña,Spain,wherehisfathertaught.Picasso’searlydrawings,suchasStudyofaTorso,AfteraPlasterCast(1894-1895,MuséePicasso,Paris,France),demonstratethehighleveloftechnicalproficiencyhehadachievedby14yearsofage.In1895hisfamilymovedtoBarcelona,Spain,afterhisfatherobtainedateachingpostatthatcity’sAcademyofFineArts.Picassowasadmittedtoadvancedclassesattheacademyafterhecompletedinasingledaytheentranceexaminationthatapplicantstraditionallyweregivenamonthtofinish.In1897PicassoleftBarcelonatostudyattheMadridAcademyintheSpanishcapital.Dissatisfiedwiththetraining,hequitandreturnedtoBarcelona.AfterPicassovisitedParisinOctober1900,hemovedbackandforthbetweenFranceandSpainuntil1904,whenhesettledintheFrenchcapital.InParisheencountered,andexperimentedwith,anumberofmodernartisticstyles.Picasso’spaintingLeMoulindelaGalette(1900,GuggenheimMuseum,NewYorkCity)revealedhisinterestinthesubjectmatterofParisiannightlifeandinthestyleofFrenchpainterHenrideToulouse-Lautrec,astylethatvergedoncaricature(讽刺画，用心爱心专心116号编辑漫画).Inadditiontocaféscenes,Picassopaintedlandscapes,stilllifes,andportraitsoffriendsandperformers.3.BluePeriod(1901-1903)From1901to1903Picassoinitiatedhisfirsttrulyoriginalstyle,whichisknownastheblueperiod.Restrictinghiscolorschemetoblue,Picassodepictedemaciated(verythinandweak,usuallybecauseofillnessorextremehunger)andforlornfigureswhosebodylanguageandclothingbespeak(tosuggestorshow)thelowlinessoftheirsocialstatus.InTheOldGuitarist(1903,ArtInstituteofChicago,Illinois),Picassoemphasizedtheguitarist’spovertyandpositionasasocialoutcast,whichhereinforcedbysurroundingthefigurewithablackoutline,asiftocuthimofffromhisenvironment.Theguitaristiscompressedwithinthecanvas(noroomisleftinthepaintingfortheguitaristtoraisehisloweredhead),suggestinghishelplessness:Theguitarististrappedwithintheframejustasheistrappedbyhispoverty.AlthoughPicassounderscored(toemphasize)thesqualorofhisfiguresduringthisperiod,neithertheirclothingnortheirenvironmentconveysaspecifictimeorplace.ThislackofspecificitysuggeststhatPicassointendedtomakeageneralstatementabouthumanalienationrathertha...
