语法专题语法规划1stweek句子成分代词冠词形容词和副词语义辨析2ndweek动词和动词词组动词的时态和语态非谓语动词情态动词和虚拟语气定语从句和名词性从句3rdweek并列句和状语从句特殊句式被动语态语态主动语态主语：动作的执行者被动语态主语：动作的承受者我们的任务语境各时态构成主动变被动主动表被动被动语态的构成肯定句•主语+be+过去分词+(by…)•Thechildiswelllovedbypeople.否定句•主语+benot+过去分词+(by…)•Thechildisnotlovedbypeople.一般疑问句•Be+主语+过去分词+(by…)•Isthechildlovedbypeople?特殊疑问句•疑问词+be+主语+过去分词+(by…)•Whoislovedbypeople?be+过去分词—各司其职一般进行完成现在amislovedareamisbeinglovedarehavebeenloved过去waslovedwerewasbeinglovedwerehadbeenloved将来shallbelovedwillshallhavebeenlovedwill过去将来时shouldbelovedwouldshouldhavebeenlovedwould体现时态体现语态do-am/is/aredonedid-was/weredone现在很多中国人说英语。ManyChinesespeakEnglish.EnglishisspokenbymanyChinese.过去只有欧洲人说英语。OnlyEuropeansspokeEnglish.EnglishwasonlyspokenbyEuropeans.bedoing–bebeingdone她正在写作业。Sheiswritingherhomework.Thehomeworkisbeingwrittenbyher..她那时正在写作业。Shewaswritingherhomework.Thehomeworkwasbeingwrittenbyher.willdo–willbedonehavedone–havebeendone她将会叫醒这只猫。Shewillwakeupthecat.Thecatwillbewokenupbyher.她已经叫醒这只猫。Shehaswokenupthecat.Thecathasbeenwokenupbyher.她必须叫醒这只猫。Shemustwakeupthecat.Thecatmustbewokenupbyher.情态动词的被动：情态动词+bedone1、历史是人民创造的。History____________________bypeople.2、埃菲尔铁塔建成于1889年。TheEiffelTower__________________in1889.3、刘翔也将被邀请去拍广告和电影。LiuXiang____________________toappearinadvertisementsandfilms.4、Toby说6个月后新旅馆就好建好的。（一般过去将来时）Tobysaidthenewhotel__________________insixmonths.5、一条新的铁路正在修建中。Anewrailway____________________________.即时演练ismadewasbuiltwillalsobeinvitedwouldbebuiltisbeingbuilt6、路那时正在拓宽。Theroads___________________________________then.7、他们已经植树了。Thetrees_____________________________already.8、我到那儿时，火车已经开了。Thetrain______________________whenIgotthere.9、到明年更多的地铁线路将建好。Moresubwaylines_____________________bynextyear.werebeingwidenedhavebeenplantedhadleftwillhavebeenbuilt即时演练语境谁做的动作不知道，说出谁做的没必要；动作承受者需强调，被动语态运用到。我的车被偷了。Mycarisstolen.空气被污染。Theairhasbeenpolluted.许多房屋被洪水冲走了。Manyhouseswerewashedawaybytheflood.固定结构-各种说Itissaidthat…•据说Itisreportedthat…•据报道Itisbelievedthat…•人们相信Itisannouncedthat…•据宣布Itiswellknownthat…•总所周知Itissupposedthat…•人们认为主动变被动及物动词•一个宾语•双宾语动词短语Heisreadingthebook.Theboymadethecake.被动语态主动语态Thecaketheboy.wasmadeby主变宾，宾变主承受者执行者Thebookbyhim.isbeingreadS+V+O动词短语的被动语态以动词短语作谓语的主动语态变被动语态时，不可丢掉后面的介词或者副词猫把盘里的鱼都吃完了。Thecatateupthefishontheplate.盘里的鱼被吃光了。Thefishontheplatewaseatenup.ThenursestakecareofthechildrenThechildrenbythenurses.aretakencareofIwasoftenmade(study)inEnglish.v.+不带to不定式--宾补，变被动to不可省MymotheroftenmademestudyEnglish.tostudyThebossseestheworkersworkallday.Theworkers____________workalldaybytheboss.areseentoS+V+O+C宾语变主语，宾补保留不动HecallsthecatKitty.他叫那只猫咪咪。ThecatiscalledKitty.那只猫叫咪咪。HecalledthecatHoney.ThecatwascalledHoney.S+V+IO+DO口诀：如遇双宾语...
