必修4Unit21.strugglevi.&n.斗争；拼搏，努力用法：strugglefor为......而奋斗struggleagainst与......斗争struggletodosth(=makegreateffortstodosth)努力做某事struggletoone'sfeet挣扎着站起来2.hungern.饥饿；欲望vt.（使）饥饿haveahungerfor=behungryfor=hungerfor渴望得到【拓展延伸】“渴望得到某物/渴望做某事”的多种表达法归纳：hungerforsth.longforsth.hopeforsth.wishforsth.beeagerforsth.desiresth.hungertodosth.longtodosthhopetodosth.wishtodosth.beeagertodosth.desiretodosth.3.disturbingadj.引起烦恼的；令人不安的disturbsbwithsth因某事打扰某人disturbedadj心烦意乱的；不安的；心理失常的be/feeldisturbedtodo…因为做某事而感到不安、困扰be/feeldisturbedabout…对……感到不安4.ridvt.摆脱；除去ridsb.ofsth.使...摆脱或除去getridof摆脱（疾病、坏习惯等）；除掉（观点、传统等）5.besatisfiedwith对……感到满意或满足satisfyvt.使满意satisfactory/satisfyingadj.令人满意的；够好的；可以的satisfactionn.满足；满意satisfiedadj.满意的besatisfiedtodo乐意干……besatisfiedwith对....满意的toone'ssatisfaction使某人满意的是……withsatisfaction满意地6.wouldrather宁愿；宁可wouldrathersb.didsth宁愿某人做某事（与现在事实相反）wouldrathersb.haddonesth.宁愿某人过去做了某事(与过去相反)wouldratherhavedonesth.要是做过某事就好了；宁愿做过某事(实际上没)7.equipvt.(equipped，equipped)配备；装备equipmentUn．设备equip...with...用……装备……beequippedwith装备着……equipsb.todosth.使有能力做某事；使有所准备做某事sb.beequippedtodosth.某人有准备做某事8.confusevt.使迷惑；使为难confuseAwithB把A混为Bbeconfusedabout对……感到不解confusedadj感到困惑的，烦恼的confusingadj令人困惑的confusionn.骚乱；混乱；混淆9.regretvt.遗憾；惋惜n.遗憾；懊悔regrettosay/tell/announce/inform遗憾地说/告诉/宣布/通知regretdoing/havingdonesth.后悔做了某事muchtoone'sregret让某人深感遗憾的是withregret遗憾地regrettableadj.令人遗憾的regretfuladj.遗憾的10.buildup逐渐增强；加强；增多；积累；建立；开发〖联想发散〗常考的“动词＋up”结构有：putup举起；搭建；张贴；留宿holdup阻挡；举起；延误giveup放弃setup建立pickup捡起；学会；搭载；好转；接收bringup抚养；教育；呕吐takeup占用；开始学习(从事)；11.focusn．焦点；中心vt.集中；聚焦focuson/upon集中(注意力、精力等)于focusone’sattention/eyes/energyon...把注意力/目光/精力集中在…thefocusofattention/concern注意力/关注的焦点12.reducevt.减少；减缩把某物减少到……_____________把某物减少了……_____________沦落为……_____________13.keep...freefrom/of使……免受(影响、伤害等)；使……不含(有害物)protectsb./sth.from使……免受(影响、伤害等)keepsb.fromdoingsth.阻止某人做某事prevent/stopsb.(from)doingsth.阻止某人做某事必修4Unit31.uptonow直到现在；到目前为止（通常与现在完成时连用）【联想拓展】同义短语sofar，by/till(until)nowupto多达；直到；取决于……，由……决定；能胜任；做……，忙于……2.contentadj.满足的，满意的vt.使满足n.（书）目录；内容，容量be/feelcontentwithsth=be/feelsatisfied/pleasedwith对……满意/满足becontenttodosth=bewillingtodosth=bepleasedtodosth乐意做某事3.astonishvt使惊讶(=surprisesb.greatly)beastonishedat/bysth.对某事感到惊讶beastonishedtosee/learn...看到/得知……感觉很惊讶beastonished+that从句对……感到惊讶toone’sastonishment令……惊异的是【联想拓展】（1）近义词：amaze，surprise，shock4.fortunateadj,意为“幸运的；运气好的”，相当于lucky，其反义词为unfortunate。befortunate(enough)todo或befortunateindoing…很幸运Itisfortunatethat...……真是幸运fortunen.“机会;命运;运气5.badlyoff穷的；处境差；缺少的（forsth）比较级：worseoff境况更差...
