直接引语与间接引语（DirectSpeechandIndirectSpeech）Book1Unit1观察下面句子：1.Hesaid,”I’mgoingtoseeafilmthisafternoon.”→2.Hesaidthathewasgoingtoseeafilmthatafternoon.3.ShesaidtoTom,“Canyouhelpme?””→4.SheaskedTomifshecouldhelpher.5.Theteachersaidtothestudents,“Don’twasteyourtime.”→6.Theteachertoldthestudentsnottowastetheirtime.直接引述别人的原话叫____________;用自己的话转述别人的话，叫_________.间接引语在大多数情况下是一个宾语从语。直接引语间接引语由以上例句可以体会出，直接引语变为间接引语时，人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词都会发生变化。一句式结构上的变化：1.直接引语是陈述句，变成间接引语时，由连________引导thatEg.Shesaid,"Iamveryhappytohelpyou."→Shesaidthatshewasveryhappytohelpme.2.直接引语是一般(选择/反意)疑问句，变成间接引语时，由连词________引导,语序要改成_________例如：If/whether陈述句语序Heaskedme,"Doyoulikeplayingfootball?"→Heaskedme________________________IfIlikedplayingfootball.3.直接引语是特殊疑问句，变成间接引语时，由相应的疑问词who,whom,whose,how,when,why,where等引导。语序要改成_____________，记住，助动词do/does/did必须要去掉。例如：陈述句语序Theyaskedhim“Whendoyouharvestthewheat?”Theyaskedhimwhenheharvestedthewheat.→4.直接引语是祈使句，变成间接引语时，使用ask/tellsb.todo的形式。saidto改为ask/tell/order等。例如：1）Hesaidtome,‘openthewindow,please.’→Heaskedmetoopenthewindow.2）Theteachersaidtothestudents,‘Stoptalking!’→Theteachertoldthestudentstostoptalking.此种情况的否定句，在________前加not。不定式Myteachersaid,"Don'tmaketoomuchnoise,boys."→Myteachertoldtheboysnottomaketoomuchnoise注意：一般情况下，1、通常直接引语里含有please表示请求：使用asksb(not)todosth2、直接引语里不含please表示命令，建议等语气：使用tell/order/advisesb(not)todosth二时态变化1.Hesays:"Iboughtyouabookyesterday.”→Hesaysthatheboughtmeabookthedaybefore.主句为一般现在时或一般将来时的时候，间接引语时态_________。不变2.“Iamverygladtovisityourschool”,shesaid.→Shesaidthatshewasverygladtovisitourschool.当主句为过去时，从句要跟着相应的变化,变化如下：直接引语间接引语一般现在时一般过去时现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时一般过去时过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时一般将来时过去将来时即学即练1.Tomsaid,“Wearelisteningtothepopmusic.”→Tomsaidthattheyarelisteningtothepopmusic•2.Motherasked,“HaveyoufinishedyourhomeworkbeforeyouwatchTV?”MotheraskedifIhadfinishedmyhomeworkbeforeIwatchedTV.注意：直接引语是客观事实或真理时，变成间接引语时，时态________。例如：不变Theytoldtheirson,"Theearthgoesroundthesun."→Theytoldtheirsonthattheearthgoesroundthesuneg1.把下列直接引语改为间接引语结论1：当直接引语的主语为第一人称时，变间接引语后与主句主语的人称保持一致。巧记为：一随主三人称的变化1.Shesaid:“Iamhungry。shesaidthatshewashungry.eg2.把下列直接引语改为间接引语结论2：当直接引语的主语为第二人称时，变间接引语后与主句宾语的人称保持一致。巧记为：二随宾2.Mumsaidtome:“Youcancleanyourbedroomtomorrow.”MumtoldmethatIcouldcleanmybedroomthenextday.eg3.把下列直接引语改为间接引语结论3：当直接引语的主语为第三人称时，变间接引语后人称不变。巧记为：三不变3.Mr.Smithsaid，“Heisagoodworker.’’Mr.Smithsaidthathewasagoodworker.牛刀小试1.Isaidtomydaughter,"Don'tmakeanymistakesinit.”（改为间接引语）→I________mydaughter________anymistakesinit.A.asked;don'tmakeB.ordered;didn'tmakeC.told;nottomakeD.told;tonotmake•2.Mothertoldme_____anoiseinthehall.A.don’tmakeB.nottomakeC.makenottoD.toma...
