英语知识归纳•Except/besides:•WeallwenttherecxceptTom.•BesidesTom,wealsowentthere.•Except除了。。。•Besides除了。。。外还有•except/exceptfor•Except是从一组东西。。。中排除其特殊的一个或者几个，exceptfor则是以保留的方式对整个句子内容进行修正，也就是说，如果两部分所用的词或者词组所表示的并非同一类事，而他们之间又是所属关系，句子后半部分对前半部分说所的基本情况在细节上加以修正，就要用exceptfor•前后有相称的同类词语就用except，否则用exceptfor例如：•WecometoschooleverydayexceptSunday.Theyallwentthereexceptme.(theyme是相称的词）Ilookedeverywhereexceptinthebathroom.(everywherebathroom是相称的词）Thedressisreadyexceptforthebuttons.(readybutton不是同类词，不相称）Yourcompositionisverygoodexceptforafewspellingmistakes.(verygood/afewspellingmistakes不相称，不是同一类词）•特殊用法：•___XiaoLi,weallattendedthemeeting.•A.Except,B,Besides,•C,ExceptforD,Exceptthat•当except用于句首时要使用exceptfor•Afford为（某目的）有足够的钱、时间、地方等•“负担得起”“买得起”(主语是人）•Affordsth“买得起…”“能负担得起…”•Affordtodosth“买得起…”“能负担得起…”•通常与can,could,beableto连用Theywalkedbecausetheycouldn’tafford(totake)ataxi.I’dlovetogoonholidaybutIcan’taffordthetime.Becasehewasverypoor,hecouldn’t___torentthisflat.A.SpendB.affordC.feelD.think•近义词的区分：•Cost主语必须是物“价钱为，需花费”•Thesebookscost20yuan.•Itcoststoomuch.•Themealcostus30dollars.Howmuchdoesitcost?Spend主语必须是人：主语（人）spend时间/金钱onsth主语（人）spend时间/金钱(in)doingsthIspent20yuanonthebook.Ispenttwohoursindoingmyhomework.•Vacant未占满的，未占用的，空着的•avacantposition,post,hotel,room•Blank空白的，无痕迹的•ablanksheetofpaperBare1.withoutclothing裸露的barelegs光腿2.光秃秃的，缺少遮盖的，没有保护的barefloors光地板（没铺地毯的）abarehillside（光秃秃的山）•Origin(starting-point,source)起点，开端，来源•Theoriginsoflifeonearth•地球上生命的起源•WordsofLatinorigin•Theoriginsofthecustomareunknown.•Source:•1.河流的源头，发源地•thesourceoftheNile尼罗河的发源地•2.来源，出处•newsfromareliablesource•27.•Suchanideaneveroccurredtomebefore.•(book1,p92)•被数词的表达方法：•（主语+谓语+）•倍数词+as+adj/adv原级+as+其他•例如：•Thisroomistwiceaslargeasthatone.•Thisbuildingisthreetimesashighasthatbuilding.•TheysaidIhadgiventwiceasmuchasthewhistlewasworth.•重要语法知识点：•1.时态•2语态•3定语从句•4宾语从句•5虚拟语气•6现在分词、过去分词•7情态动词•8同位语从句•9themore…themore句式•词组的考察：•1.形近词•2近义词•3词组固定搭配（多数在课本里）•Remembertodosth•Rememberdoingsth•Forgettodosth•Forgetdoingsth•Finishdoingsth•Minddoingsth•Feellikedoingsth•Can’thelpdoingsth•Usedtodosth•Be/getusedtodoingsth•时态•1、一般现在时take/takes•2、一般过去时took•3、现在进行时am/is/aretaking•4、过去进行时was/weretaking•5、一般将来时shall/willtake•6、一般过去将来时would/shouldtake•7、现在完成时has/havetaken•8、过去完成时hadtaken•9、现在完成进行时has/havebeentaking各种时态的被动语态结构1、一般现在时am/is/aretaken2、一般过去时was/weretaken3、现在进行时am/is/arebeingtaken4、过去进行时was/werebeingtaken5、一般将来时shall/willbetaken6、一般过去将来时would/shouldbetaken7、现在完成时has/havebeentaken8、过去完成时hadbeentakenSo…that…固定句式：Such…that…So/such…astodo…Too…to…Enough(for…)todosthAdj/adv的比较级+thantodoNotonly…butalsoBoth…and…Either..or…Neither…nor…Itis…that强调句式•Itis…that强调句式•Itwasbecauseofcarelessnessthathefailed.•ItwasowingtohiskindnessthatIobtainedagoodposition.•Itwasbecauseshedidnotworkhardthatshefailedtheexam.•Itwasbuaslipofthepenthathisletterwasaddressedtoawrongplace.
