密级：学校代码：10075分类号：学号：20091056理学硕士学位论文白洋淀异养鞭毛虫多样性及群落结构特征学位申请人：赵玉娟指导教师：李凤超教授学位类别：理学硕士学科专业：水生生物学授予单位：河北大学答辩日期：二○一二年六月ClassifiedIndex：CODE：1OO75U.D.C：NO：2OO91O56ADissertationfortheDegreeofM.ScienceDiVersityandCommunityCharacteristicsofHeterotrophicFlagellatesinBaiyangdianLakeCandidate：ZhaoYujuanSuperVisor：prof.LiFengchaoAcademicDegreeAppliedfor：MasterofScienceSpecialty：HydrobiologyUniVersity：HebeiUniVersityDateofAccomplishment：June，2O12摘要I摘要白洋淀属浅水草型湖泊，水产资源丰富，是华北地区最大的淡水湖泊。随着流域内工衣业的发展，白洋淀生态环境遭到严重破坏，富营养化加剧，水质恶化。本文根据白洋淀地理环境和水体营养水平的不同，选择圈头、端村和安新桥3个典型湖区作为采样点，于2010年4月至2011年3月研究了白洋淀自由生活异养鞭毛虫的物种多样性和群落特征的周年变化，分析了异养鞭毛虫与环境因子的夫系以及湖泊富营养化对异养鞭毛虫群落特征的影响，研究结果如下：通过人工基质PFU和采集异养鞭毛虫，微分干涉显微镜活体观察，共鉴定出异养鞭毛虫50种，隶属于33属，其中7种为国内新纪录种。白洋淀表层水体异养鞭毛虫的丰度和生物量分别介于100～3200ind.／ml和35.98～2328.85μg／L之间，周年平均值分别为1054ind.／ml和532.93μg／L。白洋淀小型异养鞭毛虫（＜7μm）的丰度占总丰度的47.11％，而生物量只占总生物量的6.82％；中型异养鞭毛虫（约7～14μm）的丰度占总丰度的37.42％，生物量占总生物量的39.21％；大型异养鞭毛虫（＞14μm）的丰度虽只占总丰度的15.47％，却贡献了53.97％的生物量。相夫性分析表明，异养鞭毛虫丰度与总氮和氨氮呈显著性负相夫，与PH、细菌丰度、纤毛虫丰度及叶绿素3含量呈显著性正相夫；异养鞭毛虫生物量与PH、溶解氧、纤毛虫丰度及叶绿素3含量显著正相夫，与总氮、氨氮呈显著负相夫。上述相夫性结果表明异养鞭毛虫群落在微食物环中起着枢纽作用。关键词异养鞭毛虫群落特征丰度生物量Abstr3CtIIAbstractB3iy3ngdi3nL3ke,3sh3llowm3CroPhytiCl3ke,isthel3rgestfreshw3terl3keofNorthChin3Pl3in.InreCentye3rs,withthedeveloPmentofindustry3nd3griCulture，theenvironmentofB3iy3ngdi3nL3kew3sseverelyd3m3ged3ndtheeutroPhiC3tionofthel3kebeC3memore3ndmoreserious.thesPeCiesdiversity3ndCommunityCh3r3CteristiCsofheterotroPhiCfl3gell3tesw3sstudied,theresultsw3s3sfllows:HeterotroPhiCfl3gell3teswereColleCtedusingPFUmethod3ndidentifiedundertheDICmiCrosCoPe.FiftysPeCies（inCludingsevennewlyreCordedsPeCies）,3ssignedto33genus,wereindentifiedinB3iy3ngdi3nL3ke.the3bund3nCe3ndbiom3ssofheterotroPhiCfl3gell3tesinsurf3Cew3terofB3iy3ngdi3nL3kewereinther3ngeof100-3200ind.／ml3nd35.98-2328.85μg／L（3nnu3l3ver3ge1054ind.／ml3nd532.93μg／L）,resPeCtively.HeterotroPhiCfl3gell3tessm3llerth3n7μmComPrised47.11％ofthetot3l3bund3nCe3ndComPrised6.82％oftot3lbiom3ss,3ndtheHeterotroPhiCfl3gell3tesbetween7μm3nd14μmComPrised37.42％ofthetot3l3bund3nCe3nd39.21％ofthetot3lbiom3ss,whileheterotroPhiCfl3gell3tesl3rgerth3n14μmComPrised15.47％ofthe3bund3nCebutContributed53.97％ofthetot3lbiom3ss.St3tistiC3l3n3lysisresultsshowedth3tthe3bund3nCeofheterotroPhiCfl3gell3tesh3dst3tistiC3llysignifiC3ntneg3tiveCorrel3tionwithtot3lnitrogen（tN）3nd3mmoni3nitrogen,3ndh3dPositiveCorrel3tionwithPH，b3Cteri3l3bund3nCe,Cili3te3bund3nCe3ndChloroPhyll3ConCentr3tions.thebiom3ssofheterotroPhiCfl3gell3tesh3dst3tistiC3llysignifiC3ntPositiveCorrel3tionwithPH,dissolvedoxygen（DO）,Cili3te3bund3nCe3ndChloroPhyll3ConCentr3tions,3ndh3dneg3tiveCorrel3tionwithtot3lnitrogen（tN）3nd3mmoni3nitrogen.theresultsdemonstr...
