外商直接投资的技术溢出效应分析及对我国的影响摘要外商直接投资是当今国际资本流动的主要形式，外商直接投资作为当今世界技术转移最重要的载体之一，其技术溢出效应是推动东道国经济发展的重要动力，是对东道国经济贡献的一种表现。在全球竞争中，支撑我国企业和产业竞争力持续提升的核心技术依然缺乏。美国金融危机引发的全球危机，必然还会带来全球产业结构的调整和新的分工，对包括资本、人力等在内的各种生产要素在世界范围内重新洗牌，为我国企业技术提升和发展带来新的机会。通过外商直接投资的技术溢出效应的分析，外商直接投资技术溢出效应积极方面有利于中国的经济发展，同时另一方面对中国经济发展造成了消极影响。本文在深入分析技术溢出效应的产生途径及其影响因素的基础上，对我国如何强化和吸收技术溢出效应提出了相关政策建议，促进外商直接投资的技术溢出效应，从而实现我国科学技术的提升和经济可持续增长的双赢目标。[关键词]外商直接投资技术溢出效应影响对策ABSTRACTForeigndirectinvestmentiscurrentlythemainformofinternationalcapitalflows,asoneofthemostimportantcarrierofthetechnologytransferintoday'sworld,thetechnologyspillovereffectisanimportantenginetopromotetheeconomicdevelopmentofthehostcountry,alsoisamanifestationoftheeconomiccontributiontothehostcountry.Intheglobalcompetition,Chineseenterprisesandindustriesisstilllackofthecoretechnologywhichissupportingtoenhancecompetitiveness.TheglobalcrisistriggeredbyU.S.financialcrisis,willinevitablybringabouttheglobalindustrialrestructuringandthenewdivisionoflabor,tore-shuffleallfactorsofproductionincludingcapital,manpowerandsoonworldwide,whichisbringingnewopportunitiestoupgradeChineseenterprisestechnologyanddevelopment.Throughanalyzingtechnologyspillovereffectoftheforeigndirectinvestment,thepositivesideisthattechnologyspillovereffectofforeigndirectinvestmentisconducivetoChina'seconomicdevelopment,ontheotherhand,italsohaveanegativeimpacttoChina'seconomicdevelopment.Thispaperisanalyzingin-depthoftheoccurrenceandinfluentialfactorsoftechnologyspillover,onthisbasis,puttingforwardrelevantpolicyrecommendationshowtostrengthenandtheabsorptionoftechnologyspilloverstopromotethetechnologyspilloversofforeigndirectinvestment,therebytoachieveWin-wingoalofenhancingChina'sscienceandtechnologyandsustainableeconomicgrowth.[KeyWords]foreigndirectinvestmenttechnologyspilloversinfluencecountermeasure目录一、外商直接投资的技术溢出效应实现途径及影响因素.......................................................................(1)（一）外商直接投资的技术溢出效应实现途径..............................................................................(2)1、当地企业通过与跨国公司的前后向关联得到技术.....................................................................(2)2、人力资源的流动产生溢出效应进行技术转移............................................................................(2)3、通过示范与竞争来产生溢出效应................................................................................................(2)（二）外商直接投资技术溢出效应的影响因素..............................................................................(2)1、东道国技术吸收能力的影响........................................................................................................(2)2、当地人力资本存量的影响............................................................................................................(3)3、当地产品市场竞争环境的影响...........................................................................................
