药大专英黄芪1..VIP免费

专业英语黄芪AstragaliRadix[EnglishName]MilkvetchRootOriginsPlantMorphologyCollectionandPreparationProductionandCommerceDescriptionMicroscopicalCharactersChemicalConstituentsPhysicalandChemicalIdentificationPharmacologyActionIndicationMaincontentsOrigins•Tonicherbs滋补药材•Heat-removingdrugs清热药•Purgatingdrugs泻下药•Medicinesforrheumatism祛风湿药•Hemostatics止血药PlantMorphologyAstragalusmembranaceus(Fisch)Bge.var.mongholicus(Bge.)Hsiao:odd-pinnatelycompound：奇数羽状复叶pinnae：小叶，由拉丁语转变而来，复数stipule：托叶lanceolate：披针形的•Aperennialherb,mainrootstout.多年生草本，主根粗壮。•Stemerectandbranchedattheupperpart.茎直立，上部分枝。•Leavesodd-pinnatelycompound,alternate.奇数羽状复叶，互生。•Flowersinaxillaryracemes,calyxcampanulate.花为总状花序，腋生，花萼钟形。CollectionandpreparationThedrugiscollectedinspringandautumn,removedfromsoil,rootletandrootstock,anddriedinsun.春秋季节采收药材，去除泥土、细根、根头，晒干。Externallypalebrownish-yelloworpalebrown,withirregular,longitudinalwrinkles,corkeasilyexfoliated,exposingyellowish-whitecortex,sometimesshowingreticulatedfibrebundles.Description表面为浅棕黄色或浅棕色，有不规则纵皱纹和众多横长皮孔样突起，栓皮易剥落而露出黄白色皮部，有时可见网状纤维束。Woodpaleyellowwithradiatestriationsandfissures,thecentrepartofoldrootoccasionallyrotten-wood-shaped,blackish-brownorhollowed.木部淡黄色，有放射状纹理和裂隙，老根中心偶呈枯朽状。Descriptiontenacious：粘性的striation：纹理fissure:裂隙木栓层韧皮部形成层木质部Transversesectionphelloderm栓内层collenchymatouscells厚角细胞sievetubegroups筛管群parenchymatouscells薄壁细胞lignified木质化药材黄芪横切面Powderprimarywalls：初生壁tassel:穗状truncate：把…..截成平头状borderedpittedvessels：具缘纹孔导管(1)Flavonoids:formononetin，芒柄花黄素3’-hydroxyformonontin(calycosin),毛蕊异黄酮ChemicalConstituentsRR11＝＝HRHR55=OME=OMERR11＝＝HRHR55=OME=OMER4＝OH2’,3’-dihydroxy-7,4’-dimethoxyisoflavone：3'–二羟基–7，4'–二甲氧基异黄烷3’-hydroxy-9,10-dimethoxypterocarpane;3'－羟基–9，10–二甲氧基紫檀烷ChemicalConstituents黄芪皂苷I黄芪皂苷II黄芪皂苷III黄芪皂苷IV黄芪皂苷V黄芪皂苷VI黄芪皂苷VIIOOR2HOxylR4R3HOHR1R2R3R4glcHAcAcglcHAcHHHglcHglcHHHHglcglcHglcHglcHglcglcHHCH2OHHOHOglcARrha22Rxylgal黄芪皂苷VIII大豆皂苷ISaponinsastragalosidesoyasaponin(3)Sugars:astragalan,D-glucose,D-fructose,sucrose;多糖类：黄芪多糖，D–葡萄糖，D–果糖，蔗糖；(4)Othersβ-sitosterol,choline,betaine,palmiticacid,linoleicacid,linoleinicacid,etc.β–谷甾醇，胆碱，甜菜碱，棕榈酸，亚油酸，亚麻酸等。ChemicalConstituentsPhysicalandchemicalIdentification理化鉴别3gpowdersApplythefiltratetoapreparedneutralaluminiumoxidecolumnmethanol,20ml,boil,1helutewith100mlof40%methanolEvaporatetheeluateonawaterbathtodrynessDissolvetheresiduein30mlofwaterandextractbyshakingwithtwo20-mlquantitiesofn-butanolsaturatedwithwaterDissovletheresiduein0.5mlofmethanolasthetestsolution.Combinethen-butanolsolutionsandwashwithtwo20-mlquantitiesofwater.discardthewatersolutionandevaporatethen-butanolsolutiontodrynessonawaterbath.取本品粉末3克，加甲醇20毫升，置水浴上加热回流1小时，过滤，滤液加于已处理好的中性氧化铝柱上（100–120目，5克，柱内径10–15毫米）。用100毫升40%甲醇洗脱，收集洗脱液。水浴蒸干，残渣加30毫升水溶解，用水饱和的正丁醇萃取两次，每次20毫升，合并正丁醇溶液，用水洗涤，正丁醇液蒸干，残渣加0.5毫升甲醇溶解作为供试品溶液。Di...