8Bunit1Grammar(1)一、教学目标1、识记动词的过去分词形式。2、能够在语境中正确运用现在完成时。二、预习导学A)预习GrammarA,并完成partA1andA2B)记忆下列动词的过去分词。1、eat__________2、see_______3、come_________4、be_________5、write________6、put_______7、make_________8、give________9、move________10、visit______11、forget_________12、hear_________13、know_______14、do_______15、read_________16、travel________三、课堂导学A)语法1、现在完成时的定义:现在完成时通常是指过去某一动作对现在的影响或过去发生的某一动作持续到现在(可能要持续下去)2现在完成时的句式构成:主语+have/has+动词的过去分词+(宾语)+(地点)+(时间)。各种句式如下:肯定句:IhavelivedinShuYangfortwoyears.否定句:IhavenotlivedinShuYangfortwoyears.一般疑问句:HaveyoulivedinShuYangfortwoyears?肯定回答:Yes,Ihave.否定回答:No,Ihaven’t特殊疑问句:HowlonghaveyoulivedinShuYang?3、现在完成时的基本用法:a.现在完成时可表示过去发生的动作对现在所产生的影响,后面通常不用时间状语,但句中常出现already,just,yet等副词。如:有人把窗户打破了。Someonehasbrokenthewindow.我刚刚读完这本书。Ihavejustfinishedreadingthebook.他已经看过医生了。Hehasalreadyseenthedoctor.你看过医生了吗?Haveyouseenthedoctoryet?(注意:already常用于肯定句中,置于句中。yet常用于否定句和疑问句中,常用于句末。)b)现在完成时也可表示从过去某时开始的动作或状态一直持续到现在,常和for,since引导的时间状语连用。注意:for和since引导的时间状语从句的区别:for+一段时间,since+点的时间或从句(从句中常用过去时)如:IhavelearnedEnglishfor5years.IhavelearnedEnglishsince5yearsagoShehasworkedhereforthreeyearsHehaslivedinBeijingsincehewasborn.TheyhavelivedinSuYangsincetheymovedherec)、现在完成时也可表从过去到现在曾经经历过或做过的事情。常和often、ever、never、before、once,….等时间状语连用。e.g:我从没去过北京。I’veneverbeentoBeijing.他以前读过这本书。Hehasreadthisbookbefore.四、自我评价A)用所给词的适当形式填空。1、Myfamily_____________(live)hereforfiveyears.2、Thestudents_________(leave)theschooltwohoursago.3、Inthepast,akingusuallyhadmany___________(wife).4、Listen!Thechildren______________(sing)anEnglishsongintheclassroom.5、MrGreen_______________(go)totheshoppingcentrealready.6、I_______________(make)alotoffriendssinceIcametotheschool.7、-________you________(have)yourlunch?-Notyet.8、She_______________(notdo)herhomeworkeveryevening.9、MrSmith______________(be)asoldiersince1980.10、They_________________(chat)witheachotherloudlywhentheteachercamein.11、MrFoxisvery____________(honest).Healwaystellslies.12、Fastfoodtastesnicebutitis____________(health)B)句型转换。1、IhavestudiedEnglishfortwoyears.(改为否定句)I_____________________________Englishfortwoyears?2、MrYanghaslivedinShuYangfortenyears.(改为一般疑问句并作否定回答)_______MrYang_______________ShuYangfortenyears?________,__________________3、Hefinishedhishomeworkjustnow.(用just替换justnow)He________________________hishomework.4、TheyhavelearntEnglishforabouttwoyears.(就画线部分提问)_____________________theylearntEnglish?5、Shehaslivedheresinceshewasbornin1999.(就画线部分提问)___________________shelivedhere?