语气英语的动词一般可带有三种不同的语气：陈述语气(肯定、否定、疑问），祈使语气和虚拟语气。不同的语气用动词的不同形式（有的还借助句法形式）来表示。虚拟语气虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，一是用来表示说话人所说的话不是一个事实，而是一种假设、猜测、怀疑等(在条件从句中或让步状语从句中)；一是表示说话人的愿望、要求、命令、建议等(在宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句)。虚拟语气的概念虚拟语气Iftheweatheriswarmandrainy,mushroomsgrowveryquickly.(Zeroconditional)Ifyoureadthisreport,youwillunderstandoureconomicsituationmuchbetter.(FirstC)Ifyouwanttomakeagoodimpression,remembertosmileandmakeeyecontact.(FirstC)真实条件句和虚拟条件句虚拟语气Ifpeoplehadmorecommonsense,therewouldn’tbeanywarsintheworld.(2ndconditional:现在或将来事实相反的假设）Ifwehadknownyourtelephonenumber,wewould’vecalledyou.(3rdconditional)真实条件句和虚拟条件句一、虚拟语气在条件句中虚拟条件句主句与现在事实相反的假设与过去相反的假设与将来相反的假设If+主语+动词的过去式（动词be用were)主语+should,would,might,could＋动词原形W:一定；C：能够；M：或许If+主语+had+过去分词主语＋should,would,might,could＋havedone1、If+主语+should+动词原形2、If+主语+动词过去式3、If+主语+wereto+动词原形主语＋should,wouldmight,could＋动词原形与将来事实相反的虚拟语气（可能性依次递减）Ifweshouldcometomorrow,wecouldmeetthegeneralmanager.如果明天真的能来，我们就能见到经理事实是：明天可能不来，所以不能进到总经理。Ifitsnowedtomorrow,ourplanwouldbepostponed如果明天下雪，我们的计划就得推迟。事实是：明天可能不会下雪，计划很可能不会推迟Ifthesunweretoriseinthewest,Iwouldnotchangemymind事实是：太阳不会从西边出来，我不会改变主意。IfIhadtime,Iwouldattendthemeeting.Ifhehadhurried,hecouldhavecaughtthetrain.IfIweretogoabroad,IwouldgotoAmerica.如果现在不是在听收音机，我会正在睡觉．如果我知道他的电话号码，我就给他打电话了．如果明天下雨的话，我们会取消比赛．IfIwerenotlisteningtotheradio,IwouldbesleepingIfIhadknownhistelephonenumber,Iwouldhavecalledhim.Ifitshould\weretorain\rained,wewouldcalloffthematch.Morepractice:混合虚拟语气当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，被称为：错综时间条件句，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整．Ifyouhadfollowedmyadvice,youwouldbebetternow.Ifyouhadstudiedhardbefore,youwouldbeacollegestudentnow.如果你听我的建议，你现在就会痊愈了．如果你努力学习的话，你现在就会是大学生了．Ifithadrainedlastnight,itwouldbeverycoldtoday.IfIwereyou,Iwouldhavechosentotakeajob.Ifyouhadstudieshardatthattime,youwouldbeacollegestudentnow.含蓄虚拟语气有时假设的条件不通过条件句表达出来，而隐含在某些介词短语（如without,butfor等）或上下文，这种句子属于含蓄虚拟语气。Withoutmusic,theworldwouldbeadullplace.Iftherewerenomusic,theworldwouldbe…Butforyouradvice,Iwouldhavefailed.Ifyouhadn’tgivenmeadvice,Iwouldhavefailed.Havingknownthisintime,Icouldhavesucceeded.IfIhadknownthisintime,Icouldhavesucceeded在条件句中，可省略if，把were,had,should提到句首，变为倒装句式．IfIwereatschoolagain,Iwouldstudyharder.WereIatschoolagain,Iwouldstudyharder.Ifyouhadcomeearlier,youwouldhavemethim.Hadyoucomeearlier,youwouldhavemethim.Ifitshouldraintomorrow,wewouldnotgoclimbing.Shoulditraintomorrow,wewouldnotgoclimbing.IfIhadworkedhard,Iwouldhavesurelysucceeded.---HadIworkedhard,Iwouldhavesurelysucceeded.Iftimeweretogoback,Iwouldworkdoublehard.---Weretimetogoback,Iwouldworkdoublehard.二、虚拟语气在名词从句中的运用（1）用于宾语从句１、wish后面的宾语从句中。一般用虚拟语...
