中国组织工程研究与临床康复第12卷第5期2008–01–29出版JournalofClinicalRehabilitativeTissueEngineeringResearchJanuary29,2008Vol.12,No.5ISSN1673-8225CN21-1539/RCODEN:ZLKHAH921肾移植患者的心理状态及其干预措施★孙颖1，李静1，刘雅英2MentalstateanditsinterventioninkidneytransplantationpatientsSunYing1,LiJing1,LiuYa-ying2AbstractAIM:Tounderstandthementalhealthandinfluentialfactorsinkidneytransplantationpatientsandtoanalyzetheefficacyofmentalinterventionbeforeandafterkidneytransplantation.METHODS:PubmedDatabaseandChinaJournalFull-textDatabasewereundertakentoidentifyrelevantarticlesonmentalhealthinkidneytransplantationpatients.Fifty-twoarticleswereretrievedandcheckedprimarily.Inclusivecriteria:①articlesthatwererelatedtomentalhealthandinfluentialfactorsinkidneytransplantationpatients,and②mentalinterventionstudiesinkidneytransplantationpatients.Exclusivecriteria:Metaanalysisstudies.Finally,twenty-onearticleswereincluded.RESULTS:①Mentalhealthinpatientsbeforeandafterkidneytransplantation:Patientsinperioperativeperiodhaddifferentdegreesofpsychologicobstaclessuchasanxiety,melancholy,noncomplianceandsoon.Patientsafterkidneytransplantationdevelopedtension,restlessness,psychologicalrejection,subjectiveparesthesiaanddespair.Aseriesofpsychicreactionoccurredbeforeandaftertransplantation,resultinginrejectionandaffectingdevelopmentandprognosis.②Influentialfactorsinkidneytransplantationpatients:Mentalproblemsinkidneytransplantationpatientsweremainlyaffectedbyinvitrofunctionofgraftedkidney,socialsupportandrecoveryofthesocialskill.Sideeffectsandadversereactionsduetoimunodepressantdecreasedtheresistanceofpatients.Long-termusagebroughtaboutahighcost,whichinducedmentalproblemsofthepatients.③Mentalintervention:Theevaluationofmentalmedicineandeducationofmentalhealthbeforekidneytransplantationcouldpreventpostoperativesideeffects,elevatethetherapeuticconfidenceandenhancethesuccessrateofkidneytransplantation.Individualmentalguidancecouldreducetheoccurrenceofsidementalreaction.CONCLUSION:Severementalproblemsappearedinpatientsbeforeandafterkidneytransplantation.Individualmentalinterventionformentalproblemsandinfluentialfactorsisbeneficialtoimprovepatients'mentalhealthandelevatequalityoflife.SunY,LiJ,LiuYY.Mentalstateanditsinterventioninkidneytransplantationpatients.ZhongguoZuzhiGongchengYanjiuyuLinchuangKangfu2008;12(5):921-924(China)[www.zglckf.com/zglckf/ejournal/upfiles/08-5/5k-921(ps).pdf]摘要目的：了解肾移植患者的心理健康状况及影响患者心理状态的因素,分析肾移植患者手术前后实施心理干预的有效性。方法：由本文第一作者检索Pubmed数据库和中国期刊全文数据库有关肾移植患者心理健康状况的相关文献，共检索到52篇文献，对资料进行初审。纳入标准：①肾移植患者心理健康状况及其影响因素。②肾移植患者的心理干预措施。排除标准：Meta分析类文章。最终纳入21篇文献进行分析讨论。结果：①肾移植患者手术前后的心理健康状况：肾移植围手术期患者常有不同程度的心理障碍，表现为焦虑、忧郁、不顺从医疗等。肾移植患者术后主要表现为紧张、烦躁、心理排斥、主观感觉异常及绝望心理。患者接受器官移植手术前后将出现一系列心理反应,导致心理上的排异反应,影响疾病的发展过程及预后。②影响肾移植患者心理状态的因素：肾移植患者的心理问题受移植肾在体内功能的影响很大，社会家庭的支持以及患者社会功能的恢复对患者的心理状态有极其重要的影响，同时由于免疫抑制剂的毒副作用和不良反应降低了患者的抵抗力，长期使用使患者承受巨大经济负担,从而引发心理问题。③心理干预措施：在肾...
