直接英语和间接英语句型转换•一、句型的变化•（一）如果直接引语是陈述句，间接引语一般是用that来引导。口语中that常可以省略。•“Iliketolistentorockmusic,”saidPeter.•Petersaidthathelikedtolistentorockmusic.•【温馨提示】如果直接引语中出现两个或两个以上的陈述句并列时，第一个that可以省略，后面一个不能省略，以免引起歧义。如：•Theteachersaid,“Thetextisveryimportant.Youshouldlearnitbyheart.”•Theteachersaid(that)thetextisimportantandthatweshouldlearnitbyheart.(二)如果直接引语是一般疑问句或选择疑问句时，间接引语常变为由whether/if引导，而且要用陈述句语序。如：1)Theboyaskedhismother,“CanIgotoplayfootballwithmyfriendsonSaturday?”Theboyaskedhismotherwhether/ifhecouldgotoplayfootballwithhisfriendsonSaturday.2)“Willyougotothemuseumthisweekendornextweekend?”LiHuaaskedme.LiHuaaskedmewhether/ifIwouldgotothemuseumthisweekendorthenextweekend.(三)如果直接引语是特殊问句，间接引语用特殊疑问词引导，而且用陈述句语序。如：“Howmuchtimedoyouspendonthehomework?”heaskedme.HeaskedmehowmuchtimeIspentonthehomework.（四）如果间接引语是表示请求、提议、建议、劝告等意义的问句，要借助其他句型结构来表达。如：1)“Wouldyoubuymesomestampswhileyouareintheoffice?”Hesaidtome.HeaskedmetobuyhimsomestampswhileIamintheoffice.2)“Whydon’tyoucomeandplayfootballwithme?”Heasked.Headvisedmetoplayfootballwithhim.【温馨提示】表示请求、劝告时，通常用“ask/advise/want等+宾语+动词不定式”结构。1(五)如果直接引语是祈使句，间接引语要用不定式的复合结构改，即改为：tell(ask,order,warn,advise等)sb.(not)todosth.如：1)Thepolicemansaidtothechildren,“Don’tplayfootballinthestreet.”Thepolicemantoldthechildrennottoplayfootballinthestreet.2)“Listentomecarefully,please.”theteachersaidtous.Theteachertoldustolistentohimcarefully.【温馨提示】如果祈使句中出现了please,在间接引语中必须省略。(六)如果直接引语是感叹句，变间接引语时，用what,how或that来引述。如：“Whatabeautifulhouseitis!”hesaidtome.Hetoldmewhatabeautifulhouseitwas.Hetoldmethatitwasabeautifulhouse.二、时态的变化（一）如果主句的时态是一般现在时或将来时，则间接引语中的时态不变。如；Hesays,“I’mtootired.”Hesays(that)heistootired.（二）如果主句的时态是一般过去时，则间接引语中的时态相应地变为与过去相关的时态。具体变化如下：一般现在时一般过去时现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时一般过去时过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时一般将来时过去将来时1)Theoldmansaid,“GreatchangeshavetakenplaceinChina.”TheoldmansaidthatgreatchangeshadtakenplaceinChina.2)“WangLiniswaitingforyououtsideoftheschoolgate.”LiFangsaidtome.LiFangtoldmethatWangLinwaswaitingformeoutsideoftheschoolgate2【温馨提示1】当转述的是客观事实、科学真理、格言或谚语；重复出现或现在习惯性的动作时，间接引语的时态不变化。如：1)Hesaid,“Theearthtravelsaroundthesun.”Hesaidthattheearthtravelsaroundthesun.2)“Failureisthemotherofsuccess.”Theteachersaidtous.Theteachertoldusthatfailureisthemotherofsuccess.【温馨提示2】当直接引语中的谓语动词含有情态动词must,need,oughtto,hadbetter等，变间接引语时，间接引语中谓语动词的形式不变。如：1)Hesaid,“Youhadbetteraskforhelpwhenyouareintrouble.”HesaidthatIhadbetteraskforhelpwhenIwasintrouble.三、人称代词的变化直接引语变为间接引语时，间接引语中作主语的人称代词或其他物主代词要作相应的变化。一般情况下要遵循以下几条原则：（一）直接引语的主语是第一人称，变为间接引语时，要和主句的主语保持一致。如：“CanIuseyourbikeforamoment?”theboysaidtome.Theboyaskedmewhetherhecouldusemybikeformoment.(二)...
