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课时知能训练Ⅰ.阅读理解NASA'sfirsthumanspaceflightprogramwasProjectMercuryin1958.ItwasaboutayearaftertheformerSovietUnionstartedtheSpaceAgewiththesuccessfullaunchofthesatellite，Sputnik1.Testingthelimitsofthehumanbodyinspacewasanimportantaimofthesetwospaceprograms.Sovietcosmonaut，YuriGagarin，becamethefirstpersoninspacewhenheorbitedtheearthinaVostokspaceshiponApril12,1961.Aboutamonthlater，AlanShepard，Jr.becamethefirstAmericaninspace，onMay5,1961，whenhewaslaunchedonMercuryRedstone3.His15minuteflightwaswatchedbysome45milliontelevisionviewers.Between1961and1963，sixmannedspaceshipsflewaspartofProjectMercury.Asastronautsspentmoretimeinspace，theybecamemoreusedtolivingintheirspaceshipsandevenadventuringoutsidethem.Sovietcosmonaut，AlekseiLeonov，becamethefirstpersontoleaveanorbitingspaceshipinMarch1965.TheAmericanslaunchedtheApollomissionstoexplorethemoonanditwasamajorfirstinspaceexploration.OnJuly20,1969，NeilArmstrongandEdwin“Buzz”Aldrinbecamethefirstpeopletoreachthemoonwhentheylandedtheirlunarlanderinthe_Sea_of_Tranquility.TheApollomissionsachievedgreatsuccesses，buttheycamewithaterriblecost.AstronautsVirgil“Gus”Grissom，EdwardWhiteandRogerChaffeewerekilledinafireduringtrainingbeforethefirstApolloflight.WhentheApollomissionsendedin1972，thefirstperiodofhumanspaceexplorationclosed.1．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutProjectMercury?A．ItspurposewastotallydifferentfromthatoftheSpaceAge.B．Oneofitsaimswastotestthelimitsofthehumanbodyinspace.C．Itwasthefirsthumanspaceflightprogramintheworld.D．ItwascarriedoutwiththehelpoftheformerSovietUnion.【解析】细节理解题。从第一段关于“ProjectMercury”的叙述中“Testingthelimitsofthehumanbodyinspacewasanimportantaimofthesetwospaceprograms.”可知B项正确，A项错误。【答案】B2．Whichisthecorrectorderofthefollowingevents?a．YuriGagarinorbitedtheearth.b．NeilArmstrongandEdwin“Buzz”Aldrinreachedthemoon.c．Shepardcarriedouthis15minuteflightinspace.d．TheApollomissionsended.e．AlekseiLeonovgotoutoftheorbitingspaceshipinspace.A．a，c，e，b，dB．a，b，d，e，cC．c，b，e，d，aD．a，c，b，e，d【解析】细节理解题。读通全文可知a.YuriGagarinorbitedtheearth是1961年4月；c.Shepardcarriedouthis15minuteflightinspace是1961年5月；e.AlekseiLeonovgotoutoftheorbitingspaceshipinspace是1965年3月；b.NeilArmstrongandEdwin“Buzz”Aldrinreachedthemoon是1969年7月；d.TheApollomissionsended是1972年。故选A。【答案】A3．HowmanyAmericanastronautsarementionedinthetext?A．6B．8.C．2.D．4.【解析】推理判断题。文中提到的美国宇航员有AlanShepard，Jr.，NeilArmstrong，Edwin“Buzz”AldrinVirgil“Gus”Grissom，EdwardWhite和RogerChaffee，共6人。故选A。【答案】A4．Whatdotheunderlinedwords“theSeaofTranquility”referto?A．ProjectMercury.B．TheApollomissions.C．Aplaceonthemoon.D．Aplaceontheearth.【解析】词义猜测题。从划线部分的前面“theylandedtheirlunarlander”可知意思是宇航员将登月飞行器降落在月球的一个地方，故theSeaofTranquility应该指的是月球上的一个地方。【答案】C5．Whatarewetoldinthetext?A．Mankindlaunchedsixmannedspaceshipsintotalbetween1961and1963.B．ThethreeastronautsdiedontheirspaceshipduringtheApollomissions.C．Astronautshavenevergotoutofaspaceshipinspace.D．AlanShepard，Jr.wasthefirstAmericanastronautinspace.【解析】推理判断题。从第三段“AlanShepard，Jr.becamethefirstAmericaninspace”可知D项正确。从第三段“Between1961and1963，sixmannedspaceshipsflewaspartofProjectMercury.”...