专题十古代诗歌鉴赏一、(2018·山东东营中考)阅读下面古诗，完成问题。渔翁①柳宗元渔翁夜傍西岩②宿，晓汲清湘燃楚竹。烟销日出不见人，欸乃③一声山水绿。回看天际下中流，岩上无心云相逐。【注释】①本诗写于谪居永州期间。②西岩：湖南永州西山。③欸乃：摇橹声。1．“渔翁”形象在诗中有何作用？______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2．前人评价本诗“有奇趣”“内蕴活脱，曲尽其妙”，对此任选角度谈谈你的理解。______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________二、(2018·山东潍坊中考)阅读下面的宋词，完成问题。浣溪沙①欧阳修堤上游人逐画船，拍堤春水四垂天。绿杨楼外出秋千。白发戴花君莫笑，六幺②催拍盏频传。人生何处似尊前！【注释】①此词大约作于作者知颍州时。②六幺：绿腰，曲调名。1．上片中“逐”“出”两字极为精妙。请任选一字，赏析其表达效果。______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2．词的下片写出了作者怎样的情态？其中蕴含着怎样的情感？______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________三、(2018·山东日照中考)阅读下面的诗歌，完成问题。从军行杨炯烽火照西京，心中自不平。牙璋辞凤阙，铁骑绕龙城。雪暗凋旗画，风多杂鼓声。宁为百夫长，胜作一书生。1．首联中“照”字生动传神，富有表现力，试作简要赏析。______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2．“宁为百夫长，胜作一书生”运用了什么抒情方式？抒发了诗人怎样的情感？______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________四、(2018·山东临沂中考)阅读下面一首宋词，完成问题。浣溪沙苏轼簌簌衣巾落枣花，村南村北响缲车①。牛衣②古柳卖黄瓜。酒困路长惟欲睡，日高人渴漫思茶。敲门试问野人家。【注释】①缲车：即缫丝车，抽茧出丝的器械。②牛衣：蓑衣之类的用具。这里指穿牛衣的人。有人评价《浣溪沙》“全词有景有人，有声有色，乡土气息浓郁”，请结合诗句具体赏析。______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________五、(2018·山东德州中考)阅读下面一首古诗，完成问题。(一)陇西行【唐】陈陶誓扫匈奴不顾身，五千貂锦丧胡尘。可怜无定河边骨，犹是春闺梦里人。1．“貂锦”在句中指战士，运用了什么修辞手法？前两句表现了他们怎样的精神风貌？______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2．末两句采用虚实结合的手法，请简要分析。__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________...
