1新考纲高考系列英语定语从句I.定语从句起了形容词的作用，在句中修饰一个名词或代词。被修饰的词叫做先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词，他的作用一是放在先行词与定语从句中间起了连接作用，二是在从句中担当一个成分，并与先行词保持数的一致。关系词先行词从句成分例句备注关系代词who人主语Doyouknowthemanwhoistalkingwithyourmother?whom,which和that在从句中做宾语时，常可以省略，但介词提前时后面关系代词不能省略，也不可以用thatwhom人宾语Mr.SmithisthepersonwithwhomIamworkingTheboy(whom)sheloveddiedinthewar..whose人或物定语Ilikethosebookswhosetopicsareabouthistory.Theboywhosefatherworksabroadismydeskmate.that人或物主语，宾语Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.Sheisthepopstar(that)Iwanttoseeverymuch.which物主语，宾语Thebook(which)Igaveyouwasworth$10.Thepicturewhichwasabouttheaccidentwasterrible.as人或物主语，宾语Heissuchapersonasisrespectedbyallofus.ThisisthesamepenasIlostyesterday.as做宾语一般不省略关系副词when时间时间状语Iwillneverforgetthedaywhenwemetthere.可用onwhichwhere地点地点状语ThisisthehousewhereIwasborn.可用inwhich2why原因原因状语Ican’timaginethereasonwhyheturneddownmyoffer.可用forwhichII.that与which,who,whom的用法区别情况用法说明例句只用that的情况1.先行词为all,everything,anything,nothing,little,much,等不定代词时2.先行词被all,any,every,each,much,little,no,some,few等修饰时3.先行词有形容词最高级和序数词修饰时4.先行词既指人又指物时5.先行词被theonly,thevery修饰时6.句中已经有who或which时，为了避免重复时1.Hetoldmeeverythingthatheknows.2.Allthebooksthatyouofferedhasbeengivenout.3.ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveeverread.4.Wetalkedaboutthepersonsandthingsthatweremembered.5.HeistheonlymanthatIwanttosee.6.Whoisthemanthatismakingaspeech?只用which,who,whom的情况1.在非限制性定语从句中，只能用which指代物，用who/whom指人2.在由“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中，只能用which指物，whom指人。3.先行词本身是that时，关系词用which,先行词为those,one,he时多用who。1.Hehasason,whohasgoneabroadforfurtherstudy.2.Ilikethepersontowhomtheteacheristalking.3.Thosewhorespectothersareusuallyrespectedbyothers.III.as、which和that的区别从句区别例句限制性定语从句中名词前有such和thesame修饰时，关系代词用as,不能用whichHeisnotsuchafoolashelooks.Don’treadsuchbooksasyoucan’tunderstand.非限制性定语从句中as和which都可以指代前面整个主句。如果有“正如，象”的含义，并可以放在主句前，也可以放在后面，那么用as；而which引导的从句只能放主句后，并无“正如”的意思。Theywonthegame,aswehadexpected.Theywonthegame,whichwehadn’texpected.Asiswellknown,heisafamousfilmstarinthe1980s.3thesame...as和thesame...thatthesame...as指同类事物thesame...that指原物That’sthesametoolasIusedlastweek.（同类工具，不是同一把）That’sthesametoolthatIusedlastweek.那就是我上周用过的工具。注意：theway做先行词时，定语从句可由that,inwhich引导或不用引导词。IV.定语从句与其它从句（句型）的区别类别区别例句定语从句与并列句定语从句与并列句的主要区别在于：并列句有像and，but，so等并列连词或两个句子用分号连接，这时就不能再用引导定语从句的关系词了。①MrLihasthreedaughters，noneof_____isanengineer．②MrLihasthreedaughters，butnoneof_____isadancer．从结构上看，①小题是定语从句，故填whom；②小题有并列连词but，是并列句，故填代词them。定语从句与状语从句定语从句的前面有名词作先行词，而状语从句没有先行词。Thisistheplacewhereweusedtoliveafewyearsago.这是几年前我们居住的地方。（定语从句，先行词为theplace）Let’sgowherewecanfindabetterjob.我们到能找到更好的工作的地方去吧。（地点状语从句）定语从句修饰...
