JIANGSUUNIVERSITY智能小车课程设计Intelligentvehicledesigncourse设计课题：避障智能小车创新训练专业班级：测控0901学生姓名：张展、杨明鹏、张家宝学生学号：3090302012、3090302014、3090302013指导教师：孙智权时间：2013年3月摘要本次毕业设计分为四个模块：电源模块、路面检测模块、单片机最小系统、电机驱动模块。电源模块是采用12V电源双路供电，一路直接供给电机，一路经过稳压电路输出5V电源给LM324、单片机和L298N。路面检测模块主要通过碰撞传感器、红外传感器、超声波传感器和火焰传感器实现路面检测及行走。单片机最小系统是满足单片机工作的系统。电机驱动选择的是驱动芯片L298直接驱动两个直流减速电机，并采用PWM调节速度，达到两个电极不同速度，从而控制小车的行驶速度。[关键词]单片机电源路面检测电机驱动PWMAbstractThisgraduationdesignisdividedintofourmodules:themodulepowersupplymodule,pavementdetectionmodule,MCUminimumsystem,motor.Thepowersupplymoduleistheuseof12Vsupplydualpowersupply,adirectsupplymotor,anoutputvoltagestabilizingcircuit5VpowersupplythroughtheLM324,MCUandL298N.Theroaddetectionmodulemainlythroughthecollisionsensor,infraredsensor,ultrasonicsensorandflamesensortorealizetheroaddetectionandwalking.Thesmallestsingle-chipsystemissystemsatisfiesthemonolithiccomputerwork.ThemotordriveisthechoiceofdrivechipL298directdrivetwoDCgearmotor,andusePWMtoadjustthespeed,uptotwoelectrodesofdifferentspeed,soastocontrolthecar'sspeed.[Keyword]SinglechipmicrocomputerpowersupplyPavementdetectionPWM目录摘要................................................................................................................................2目录................................................................................................................................31引言.........................................................................................................................41.1智能小车的意义和作用.................................................................................41.2智能小车的现状.............................................................................................51.3论文各部分的主要内容..................................................................................52模块设计................................................................................................................62.1电源模块..........................................................................................................62.2电压比较器模块.............................................................................................62.3控制电机模块...............................................................................................62.4电机驱动模块.................................................................................................72.5主控制芯片模块.............................................................................................82.6传感器模块......................................................................................................83硬件电路的设计......................................................................................................113.1总体装配图...................................................................................................113.2接线说明.....................................................................................................123.3STC控制板............................................................................
