名词性从句教学内容一、同步引入Whateverwillbe,willbe世事皆有规律，顺其自然。这个句子是英语中的名言，那么我们来分析一下这个句子。二、同步精讲主语从句1．定义：主语从句：在复合句中充当主语的句子叫主语从句例如：Howhewassuccessfulisstillapuzzle.他是如何成功的仍然是个谜。2.连接词的选用（1）that和what的选用that和what都可引导主语从句。what除起连接作用外，还在名词性从句中充当某些成分，可作从句的主语、宾语或表语。而that在名词性从句中不充当任何成分，无词义，只起连接词作用如：Whathewantsisabook.他想要的是一本书Thatlighttravelsinstraightlinesisknowntoall.众所周知，光线沿直线运行（2）if和whether的选用引导主语从句，不能用if，只能用whether。如：Whetherwewillholdapartyintheopenairtomorrowdependsontheweather.我们明天是否在户外开晚会要看天气而定（3）其它连接代词和副词的选用根据主语从句的具体意义，正确的选择who,which,when,where,why,how等连接词，这些连接词既有疑问含义，又起连接作用，同时在从句中充当各种成分如：Whenweshallholdoursportsmeetisnotdecided.我们何时举行运动会还没有决定。Whobroketheglassyesterdayisnotclear.还不清楚昨天谁打破了玻璃Whichcaryouwillchoosetobuymakesnodifference.你决定买哪一辆车都不会有任何区别（4）whatever/whoever的功用whatever,whoever在主语从句中不含疑问意义。它引导主语从句，并在从句中作主语、宾语、表语等。whatever=anythingthat;whoever=anyonewho。要注意和whatever,whoever引导的让步状语从句的区别如：Whoeverbreaksthelawshouldbepunished.（主语从句）（＝Anyonewhobreaksthelawshouldbepunished.）Whoeverbreaksthelaw,heshouldbepunished.（让步状语从句）（＝Nomatterwhobreaksthelaw,heshouldbepunished.）3.it构成的主语从句（1）由连词that引导的主语从句，在大多数情况下会放到句子的后面，而用代词it作形式主语。如：Itiswell-knownthattheearthmovesaroundthesun.众所周知，地球围绕太阳转。【拓展延伸】需要注意的是，it作形式主语代替主语从句时，要注意和as引导的定语从句的区别。试比较：ItwasreportedthattheUSwasundertheterroristattack.（主语从句，有that，无逗号）Aswasreported,theUSwasundertheterroristattack.（定语从句，无that，有逗号）上两句意为“据报道，美国遭到恐怖分子的袭击”（2）常见用it作形式主语的复合句结构Itisafact（agoodidea/apity/ashame/nowonder/goodnews…）that…如：It’sapitythatyoumissedthefilm.你没有看那部电影真是太遗憾了Itisnecessary（clear/true/strange/important/wonderful/possible/likely…）that…需要注意的是，这类主语从句中，谓语动词很多为“（should）＋动词原形”，如：Itisnecessarythatyou（should）masterthecomputer.你很有必要掌握电脑ItisimportantthatastudentlearnEnglishwell.学生学好英语很重要It’sclearthattheybadlyneedhelp.很明显，他们急需援助Itislikelythatahurricanewillarrivesoon.飓风很可能马上就要到达了。Itisreported（well-known/hoped/thought/expected/said/believed/decided/suggested/ordered…）that…如：Itissaidthathewaskilledintheearthquake.据说他在地震中丧生了Itseems（happened/appears/doesn’tmatter/makesnodifference/…）that…如：Itseemsthattheywillwinthegame.看起来他们好像会赢得这场比赛Itmakesnodifferencewhetherhewillattendthemeetingornot.三、巩固训练1.________hashelpedtosavethedrowninggirlisworthpraising.A.WhoB.TheoneC.AnyoneD.Whoever2.Itwas______hesaid______disappointedme.A.what;thatB.that;thatC.what;whatD.that;what3.______we’llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.A.IfB.WhetherC.ThatD.Where4.______hesaidatthemeetingsurprisedeverybodypresent.A.WhatB.ThatC.ThefactD.Thematter5.______wastoreturntoschool.A.ThatreallyinterestedhimB.WhatreallyinterestedhimC.WhichreallyinterestedhimD....
