专业.专注.学习参考.1.BenjaminFranklin（本杰明．富兰克林）代表作:<自传>TheAutobiography<格言历书>PoorRichard’sAlmanac2.EdgarAllanPoe(埃德加．爱伦．坡)代表诗歌:<帖木尔〉“TamerlaneandOtherPoems”<艾尔．阿拉夫〉“AlAraaf”<乌鸦及其他诗篇〉“TheRavenandOtherPoems”<致海伦〉“ToHelen”Poe’spoetictheories1,Thepoemshouldbeshort,readableatonesitting2,Itschiefaimisbeauty,namely,toproduceafeelingofbeautyinthereader.3,“thedeathofabeautifulwomanis,unquestionably,themostpoeticaltopicintheworld.”4,Poeisopposedto“theheresyofthedidactic”andcallsfor“pure”poetry5,Poestressesrhythm,anddeclaresthat“musicistheperfectionofthesoul,oridea,ofpoetry.”短篇小说：《厄舍大厦的倒塌>“TheFalloftheHouseofUsher”<阿芒提拉多的酒桶〉“TheCaskofAmontillado”3.Emerson爱默生代表作:<论自然〉Nature宣扬超验主义代言人哲学《论美国学者》“TheAmericanScholar”地位：文学界独立宣言《神学院致辞》“TheDivinitySchoolAddress”专业.专注.学习参考.4.Hawthorne霍桑代表作：《红字》TheScarletLetter<带有七个尖角阁的房子〉TheHouseoftheSevenGables<玉石雕像〉TheMarbleFaun5．Melville梅尔维尔代表作：《白鲸》MobyDick《玛地》Mardi《白外衣》WhiteJacket6．Thoreau梭罗代表作：《沃尔登》Walden《论公民的不服从》“OntheDutyofCivilDisobedience”<马萨诸塞州的奴隶制〉“SlaveryinMassachusetts”7whiteman:沃尔特惠特曼freeverse【Freeverse】isaformofpoetrythatrefrainsfromconsistentmeterpatterns,rhyme,oranyothermusicalpattern.Somepoetshaveexplainedthatfreeverse,despiteitsfreedom,muststilldisplaysomeelementsofform.Mostfreeverse,forexample,self-evidentlycontinuestoobserveaconventionofthepoeticlineinsomesense,atleastinwrittenrepresentations,thusretainingapotentialdegreeoflinkage,howevernebulous,withmoretraditionalforms.DonaldHallgoesasfarastosaythat"theformoffreeverseisasbindingandasliberatingastheformofarondeau."[1]andT.S.Eliotwrote,"Noverseisfreeforthemanwhowantstodoagoodjob."[2]专业.专注.学习参考.Somepoetshaveconsideredfreeverserestrictiveinitsownway.In1922RobertBridgesvoicedhisreservationsintheessay'HumdrumandHarum-Scarum.'RobertFrostlaterremarkedthatwritingfreeversewaslike"playingtenniswithoutanet".;LeavesofGrasmainworks:“LeavesofGras”草叶集“One’sSelfISing”我歌唱自我“OCaptain!MyCaptain”噢，船长，我的船长在草叶集中采用自由诗的诗歌形式，完全冲破了传统诗歌的限制，既没有诗行长短的规定也无对应的押韵，诗歌的节拍是按照日常说话的自然节奏，变化无常，出神入化，充满了个性。?LeavesofGrass,eitherincontentorinform,isanepoch-makingworkinAmericanliterature:itsdemocraticcontentmarkedtheshiftfromRomanticismtoRealism,anditsfree-verseformbrokefromoldpoeticconventionstoopenanewroadforAmericanpoetry.Hethoughtthatthevoicesofdemocracyshouldnotbehalteredbyconventionalformsofpoetry.8,EmilyDichinson艾米莉.狄金森Mainwork:：“ToMakeaPrairie”要描绘一片草原“SuccessIsCountedSweetest”最美妙的胜利感觉“I’mNobody”我是无名之辈MostofDickinson’spoemsareshort,andsometimesevenwhimsical.However,herpoemsareclever,wittyandlively.Theyshowcloseobservation,intensityandmasteryofart.Herpoetryisfilledwithfreshandstrangeimages,illuminatingandexquisite专业.专注.学习参考.metaphors,throughwhichdistantandimportantevents,complicatedfeelingsandprofoundphilosophicalthoughtsareexpressed.?狄金森的诗歌有很大的局限性，不像惠特曼那样包罗万象。但她在摆脱旧诗体、创造新诗形式方面与惠特曼不谋而合。她的诗歌诗行不多，口语色彩浓厚，不强调韵律，常常押半韵或完全不押韵，没有标点符号，也不受语法限...
