Unit5–8语法知识动词不定式：1）动词不定式的基本形式是“be+动词原形”，有时可以不带to，其否定形式是“notto+动词原形”。2）动词不定式没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能作谓语。动词不定式具有名词，形容词和副词的特征，在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。1.用作宾语(v.+todo)：Iwant（buy）acomputer.Shehopes（find）abetterjob.Iwish（go）withyou.needtodolearntodoagreetodoplantododecidetodorefusetodobegintodostarttodotrytodoforgettodoremembertodoliketodoStoptodogoontodo2.用作宾语补足语（v.+sb.+todo）:Sheaskedme(help)her.Theteachertoldhim(come)ontime.Edison’smothertaughthim(read)andwrite.wantsbtodowishsbtodogetsbtodoordersbtodofindsbtobelikesbtodowouldlikesbtodohelpsbtodo作宾语补足语不带to的情况:常见动词有：一感：比较：二听：Isawhercrossingthestreet.三让:四看:Isawhercrossthestreet.3．用作状语：Iwentthere(see)myteacher.Shecameback（get）herEnglishbook.Theboxwastooheavy（move）.4.用作主语（这时可将其用形式主语it来替换）1）.Tobeanactressismydream.→Itismydreamtobeanactress2）.Togoabroadishisdream.→3）.Tosayiseasy,todoisdifficult→常用句型：It’s+adj+ofsb+todosth.Eg:你能邀请我，你真是太善良了。It’sverykindofyou（invite）me.若形容词是描述人的性格、品质的，如kind，good，nice，right，wrong，clever，careless，polite，foolish等，用ofsb.Eg:你真聪明，解出了这道数学题。It’scleverofyouthemathsproblemIt’s+adj+forsb+todosth.若形容词是描述事物的性质，用forsb.这类形容词有difficult，easy，hard，important，dangerous，（im）possible等。Eg:对孩子们来说，穿过繁忙的街道很危险It’sverydangerousforchildrenthebusystreet.Eg:对我们来说，完成这项工作很困难。It’sdifficultthework.5．用作表语Hisworkis(feed)theanimalsHerjobis（look）afterthepatientsMywishis（be）ascientist6.用作定语（这时不定式与被修饰词有动宾关系。若是不及物动词，介词不能省略）Givemesomething（drink）.Theyhavemuchfood（eat）.Heaskedforaroom（live）inIdon’thaveapen(write)with.7.疑问词who,what,which,where,when,how加todo可构成不定式短语，在句中可用作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语等。Whentostarthasnotbeendecided.语比较：Idon’tknowwhattodo.语Idon’tknowwhattodo.Hecantellyouwheretogetthebook语Idon’tknowhowtodoit.Thequestioniswho(m)toask.语Idon’tknowwhattodoaboutit练习：一．说出句中的不定式，以及在句中作什么成分1.Ittakesyoutenminutestogetthere.2.Ihopetoseehimsoon.3.Hiswishistobecomeanartist.4.Peopleeattolive,butnotlivetoeat.5.Ihavealottotellyou.6.Weoftenseehimplayfootball.7.It’snotrighttobealwaysthinkingofoneself.二，翻译1跳舞非常有趣。2种些植物是非常有必要的。3说英语对我来说并不容易。4你长大了想做什么？5我的工作是每天打扫这间屋子。6她有几个问题要问。7.我的梦想就是成为一名科学家。8他是一个值得信赖的人。9爱迪生是第一个发明电灯的人。10他那生病母亲最多可活三个月。三.选择1.Theylookedforhimeverywhereandfoundhim__underthetree.a.liesb.lyingc.layd.lain2.Isawhim__thesupermarketjustnow.a.enteredb.enteringc.enterd.toenter3.Thegirlwhosoldmatcheswasfound___thenextmorning.a.dieb.dyingc.diedd.dead4.-Doyouremember___mesomewhereinHangzhou?-Yes.Ithinkthat’s2yearsago.a.seeb.seeingc.toseed.saw5.Thescientiststopped__tomethoughhewasbusy.a.talkingb.totalkc.tohavetalkd.havingtalk6.Themoreyouthinkaboutit,themorequestionsyouwillthinkof__.a.askb.askedc.askingd.toask7.Thedoctordidwhathecould__thatchild.a.saveb.tosavec.savedd.saving8.Ihavenopen____.a.writingb.writingwithc.towritewithd.writing过去进行时过去进行时表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作或发生的事，或...
