情态动词讲与练情态动词一.情态动词can_________________can’t_____________________May_________________maynot______________________Must______________mustn’t_______________________二、情态动词的特点1.情态动词无人称和数的变化,2.情态动词后面跟的动词需用原形,否定式构成是在情态动词后面加"not"。3.个别情态动词有过去式,过去式用来表达更客气,委婉的语气,时态性不强,可用于过去,现在。三、情态动词的用法1.can/could;can’t/couldn’t(否定)1)表示能力,意为“能、会”,例如:IcanspeakalittleEnglish.--Canyourideabike?Ican’tswim.--Yes,Ican./No,Ican’t.2)表示请求或允许,多用于口语中,意为“可以、能”等Youcangohomenow.现在你可以回家了--CanIborrowyourbike?Youcan’tstopyourcarhere.--Yes,youcan./No,youcan’t.3)用于否定句、疑问句中,表示猜测、怀疑或不肯定.Lucycan’tbeathomenow,shewenttotheparkjustnow.Wherecanitbe?Ican’tfindmyfootball.【注意:】1).could是can的过去式,有两种用法,一种表示过去式;一种用来表达更加客气,委婉的语气,时态性不强,可用于过去,现在。2).beableto意为“有能力,能够做...”,相当于can/could,但它有人称,数和时态的变化。2.may;maynot(否定)1)表示“请求,许可”,此时与can同义,可以互换使用MayIborrowyourbike?CanIborrowyourbike?Yes,youmay./No,youmaynot.Yes,youcan./No,youcan’t.2)may/might表示不太肯定的猜测,意为“有可能”Lucymaycometoschoollatetoday.Itmightraintoday.【注意】:might是may的过去式,有两种用法,一种表示过去式,一种表示更加委婉,客气的语气或对可能性的怀疑。3.must;mustn’t(否定)1)must(“必须”,表示命令),mustn’t(“一定不能”,表示强烈禁止...)Youmustgotobedbefore22:00pm.Youmustn’tplaywithfire.It’sdangerous!--MustIwritedownthesentences?--No,youneedn’t.(--No,youdon’thaveto)注意:在回答must的疑问句中,否定回答用needn’t或don’thaveto表示“不必”,不用mustn’t2)must还可以表示非常肯定的猜测,意为“一定”ThegirlinaredskirtmustbeLucy.3)must/haveto的区别:①.must表示必须,强调主观上的愿望;haveto表示“不得不”,强调客观需要Youmustgobebedbefore22:00pm.Mybikeisbroken,soIhavetogotoschoolonfoot.②.haveto有人称、数、时态的变化;must则没有。Ihavetocleantheclassroomtoday.Shehastofinishherhomeworkfirst.Itwaslate,hehadtogotoschoolwithoutbreakfast.【习题】1.--MustIfinishtheworktoday?--No,you.Youcanfinishittomorrow.A.mustn’tB.can’tC.shouldn’tD.needn’t2.--Iswimhere?--I’msorry.Childrenswimalonehere.A.Mustcan’tB.MaymustC.Canmustn’tD.Can’tcan3.--MengFeibrokehisarmwhilerecordingIfYouAreTheOneinBeijing.--Really?ThenperhapshehostTVprogrammesforsometime.A.needn’tB.mustn’tC.shouldn’tD.can’t4.--Whatdoyouwanttoeatforlunch?Iwillprepareearliertoday.--Honey,you.Let’sgoouttohavesomethingdifferent.A.mustn’tB.can’tC.shouldn’tD.don’thaveto5.Thomas,pleasebequiet.Theothershearverywell.A.can’tB.mustn’tC.shouldn’tD.needn’t6.--Yousee,amaniscuttingatreeontheMoon.--Itbetrue.Theteachersaysthereisnoaironthemoon.A.can’tB.maynotC.shouldn’tD.mustn’t7.--CanIgofishingwithyou,Dad?--No,you.Youstayathomeanddoyourhomeworkfirst.A.won’tmayB.can’tmustC.shouldn’toughtD.needn’tshould8.Annahasn’tcometoschooltoday.Ithinkshebeill.A.canB.hastoC.mayD.should9.--FiftydollarsforsuchaT-shirt!Youbejoking!--I’mserous.It’smadeofsilk.A.mustB.needC.mayD.can10.______Igoandapologizetomyteacherformymistake?A.ShouldB.NeedC.CanD.May11.MayIstopmycarhere,sir?--No,you_____.A.maynotB.mustn’tC.can’tD.needn’t12._____Ichangethebulb(灯泡)now?--No,youmaynot.You_____switchofftheelectricity.A.Can;needB.May;mustC.Must;mustD.Can;must...