语法专题复习———被动语态（ThePassivevoice)复习目标1、掌握语态基本概念；2、熟悉常见语态转换；3、在语篇中理解和运用被动语态。复习重点:1.一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态；2.情态动词的被动语态。复习难点:1.被动语态中be形的确定；2.主动语态中省略to的宾补在被动语态中须补上to.1.英语中有那两种语态？回答下列问题：主动语态和被动语态。2.主动语态表示什么？主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。3.被动语态表示什么?被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。例如：ManypeoplespeakEnglish.(主动语态)Englishisspokenbymanypeople.(被动语态)use…forplayoftenFootballisplayedallovertheworld.Acameraisusedfortakingphotos.robyesterdaysenduplastyearAman-madesatellitewassentupintospacelastyear.Abankwasrobbedyesterday.mustplantcoverwithinafewyears’timeThetreemustbeplantedontheground.Thegroundwillbecoveredwithtreesinafewyears’time.sendtorightnowatalkgivesoonTheywillbesenttothehospitalrightnow.Atalkwillbegivensoon.digTheearthisbeingdugnow.eatupalreadyThefoodhasbeeneatenupalready.Footballisplayedallovertheworld.Acameraisusedfortakingphotos.Abankwasrobbedyesterday.Aman-madesatellitewassentupintospacelastyear.Thetreemustbeplantedontheground.Thegroundwillbecoveredwithtreesinafewyears’time.Theywillbesenttothehospitalrightnow.Atalkwillbegivensoon.Theearthisbeingdugnow.Thefoodhasbeeneatenupalready.Lookandfindoutthesimilarities(相同点):被动语态的用法：1.不知道动作的发出者,或不必要说明动作的发出者。例句：Abankwasrobbedyesterday.2.对动作的承受者进行强调时,要用被动语态。例句：Theywillbesenttothehospitalrightnow.被动语态的构成:•be+及物动词的过去分词•被动语态的时态是靠be动词变化，而后边的过去分词是不能变化。•一般现在时：am,is,are+done•一般过去时：was,were+done•一般将来时：willbe+done•现在完成时：have/hasbeen+done•现在进行时：bebeing+done•情态动词的被动语态：情态动词+be+done小结：被动语态中“be”的变化MultipleChoice:1.()Ifthework________,youcangoandplaygames.A.finishedB.hasfinishedC.willbefinishedD.isfinished2.()Itwasrainingheavilyoutside,thechildrenweremade______intheclassroom.4.()Tomakeourcitymorebeautiful,rubbish______intotheriver.A.needn’tbethrownB.mustn’tbethrownC.can’tthrowD.maynotthrowDBB3.()Kate_______theletterbeforehermothercameintoherbedroom.A.haswrittenB.waswrittenC.hadwrittenD.iswritingA.stayB.tostayC.stayingD.stayedC5.()—Iwon’tcometothepartyunlessTom______,too.—YoumeanifTomcomes,you’llcome.A.willinviteB.invitesC.invitedD.isinvitedD1.Theymakeshoesinthatfactory.主语谓语动词宾语Shoesaremade(bythem)inthatfactory.一般现在时：S(主语）+am/is/are+过去分词主动语态转化为被动语态的三部曲:1.主动结构宾语变为被动结构主语。2.谓语动词根据新的主语和原句的时态选择对应的be动词，再加上原句动词的过去分词。3.原主动结构主语变为介词by的宾语,组成介词短语,放在被动结构中谓语动词之后。在动词执行者无须说明或强调时，by短语可以省略。1.Theymakemachinesinthatfactory.•Machines___________inthatfactory.2.Everybodylikesthissong.•Thissong___________byeverybody.3.Theybuiltthisbridgelastyear.Thisbridge____________by_____lastyear.•4.Thestudentsplantedalotoftreeslastyear.Alotoftrees_________________lastyear.•5.ThechildrenwillsinganEnglishsong.AnEnglishsong___________bythechildren.aremadeislikedwasbuiltthemwereplantedwillbesung1.约翰打开了收音机。Johnturnedontheradio.Theradiowasturnedon.2.奶奶照看我姐姐。Grandmatakescareofmysister.MysisteristakencareofbyGrandma.注意:1.短语动词从主动变为被动态时，切不可丢掉词组末尾的介词或副词Wemustspeaktoold...
