2021新高考英语阅读理解专题—如何猜测生词词义把一个生词放在语篇中，让学生根据上下文语境去猜该生词的英语释义，是阅读理解中的必考题型，也是落实英语学科素养关于逻辑思维能力及批判性思维能力培养的关键途径之一。01.利用标点符号猜测词义省略号、破折号、问号等标点符号往往都成为了解题的突破口，读者当细心体会。【2019全国I】Buthe'snervous.“I'mheretotellyoutodaywhyyoushould...should...”Christripsonthe“-ld,”apronunciationdifficultyformanynon-nativeEnglishspeakers.Histeacher,ThomasWhaley,isnexttohim,whisperingsupport."...Votefor...me...”Exceptforsomestumbles,Chrisisdoingamazinglywell.Whenhebringshisspeechtoaniceconclusion,Whaleyinvitestherestoftheclasstopraisehim.OWhatdoestheunderlinedword"stumbles"inparagraph2referto?A.Improperpauses.B.BadmannersC.Spellingmistakes.D.Sillyjokes.解析：根据Whaley的点评，学生Chris做得非常得棒(amazinglywell),除了…,可知somestumbles是演讲中的弱点；然而，A、B、C、D都是弱点。所以，本题再结合省略号可知，Chris讲话吞吞吐吐，结结巴巴。这一点也在短语tripson...(绊倒在；卡在…上)，综合考虑选A.02.利用例证猜测词义这些词汇包括forexample,forinstance,suchas,like,including,besides,...【2018全国I】Inrecentcenturies,trade,industrialisation,thedevelopmentofthenation-stateandthespreadofuniversalcompulsoryeducation,especiallyglobalisationandbettercommunicationsinthepastfewdecades,allhavecausedmanylanguagestodisappear,anddominantlanguagessuchasEnglish,SpanishandChineseareincreasinglytakingover.□Whichofthefollowingbestexplains"dominant"underlinedinparagraph2?A.ComplexB.AdvancedC.PowerfulD.Modern解析：本句话提到，所有种种都导致许多语言消失，而且像(suchas)英语、西班牙语和汉语这些语言占了上风、取而代之，结合常识，英语、西班牙语、汉语是国际通用语言，说明这三门语言生命力很强，从而选C.03.利用语义场猜测词义语义场是借用物理学中的“场”的概念而来的，是指语义的类聚。语义场强调的是一个词跟其它词在语义上存在着密切的联系，如同个词、同义词、近义词、反义词、同类词、同功用词汇等等。【2016全国I】IamPeterHodes,avolunteerstemcellcourier.SinceMarch2012,I'vedone89trips--ofthose,51havebeenabroad.Ihave42hourstocarrystemcells(干细胞)inmylittleboxbecauseI'vegottwoicepacksandthat'showlongtheylast.Inall,fromthetimethestemcellsareharvestedfromadonor（扌捐献者）tothetimetheycanbeimplantedinthepatient,we'vegot72hoursatmost.SoIamalwaysconsciusoftime.□Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“courier”inPara.1?A.providerB.deliverymanC.collecorD.medicaldoctor解析：从本段词句I'vedone89trips以及Ihave42hourstocarrystemcells可以推断作者“我”是一名干细胞运送者。也就是说carrystems与adeliveryman属于同一个语义场。【2019全国III】"Chinaisimpossibletooverlook",saysHill.“Chinesemodelsarethefacesofbeautyandfashioncampaignsthatselldreamstowomenallovertheworld,whichmeansChinesewomenarenotjustconsumersoffashion---theyarecentraltoitsmovement”Ofcourse,notonlyaretoday'stopWesterndesignersbeinginfluencedbyChina---someofthebestdesignersofcontemporaryfashionarethemselvesChinese."VeraWang,AlexanderWang,JasonWuaretakingonGalliano,Albaz,MarcJacobs---andbeatingthemhandsdownindesignandsales,”addsHill.□Whatdotheunderlinedwords"takingon"inparagraph4mean?A.learningfromB.lookingdownonC.workingwithD.competingagainst解析：希尔认为，中国女性不仅是时尚的消费者，她们也是时尚运动的核心。其中，VeraWang等设计师正在与西方设计师较量并beatingthemhandsdown（打败对方让其无还手之力）。这里，beatsb.handsdown与takeon属于近义词域，构成语义场...
