高中英语学习材料（灿若寒星*制作整理）GRAMMAR“it”的用法（一）【归纳】it的用法很多，本单元我们主要学习它的基本用法以及它作形式主语或形式宾语的用法。1.用作人称代词，指代上文提到的事物、动物、性别不明或没必要知道性别的人。如：“Where’syourcar?”“It’sinthegarage.”Herdogwashowlingatthedoor,soheletitin.Thebabynextdoorkeptmeawake.Itcriedallnight.2.用作非人称代词，用来指代时间、日期、地点、天气、温度、距离、环境、情况等。如：Itwas4o’clockandthemailstillhadn’tcome.It’squitewarmatthemoment.It’sover200milesfromLondontoManchester.It’sgettingverycompetitiveinthecarindustry.3.用作形式主语，真正的主语常为不定式（短语）、动词-ing形式（短语）或名词性从句。如：It’simpossibleforustogetthereintime.It’salwayssadsayinggoodbyetosomeoneyoulove.It’sstrangethatshenevermentionedthewedding.4.用作形式宾语，真正的宾语常为不定式（短语）、动词-ing形式（短语）或名词性从句。如：Manypeoplefindithardtostopsmoking.Shefindsitboringstaying/tostayathome.Ifinditstrangethatshedoesn’twanttotravel.【辨析】it,one和that1.it指物时，是明确指上文提到的那个事物。it可以代替单数可数名词、不可数名词及前面提到的事情或情况。如：Ican’tfindmyticket.IthinkImusthavelostit.(it=myticket)2.one指前面的名词或名词短语所表示的同类事物中的一个，而不是指同一个事或物。one既可以代替人，也可以代替物，但只能代替可数名词，其复数形式为ones。如：Thetrainwascrowdedsowedecidedtocatchalaterone.Thoseshoesaretoosmall.Wemustbuysomenewones.3.that可以代替“the+单数可数名词或不可数名词”，用于特指。that不能代替人，不可带前置定语，但可带后置定语。如：AreyousurethepopulationofShanghaiislargerthanthatofBeijing?Themilkhereistastierthanthatofotherplaces.【即学即练】I.根据括号内的汉语提示补全下面句子。1.________________________(天气很暖和)atthemoment.2.________________________(我觉得奇怪)thatJenniferdoesn’twanttotravel.3.Johnsaid________________________(继续这个实验是很重要的).4.Herbaby’sduenextmonth.Shehopes________________________(是个男孩).5.Don’tyouthink________________________(与吉姆争论是没有用的)?II.根据括号内的汉语提示补全下面对话。Alex:1.________________________(现在几点)?Nora:7p.m.Alex:Whataboutgoingforawalk?Nora:Iwantedto,but2.________________________(外面在下雨).ShallwewatchTVtogether?Alex:Sure.Whereistheremotecontrol?Nora:I3.________________________(把它放在抽屉里了)lastnight.Ah-ha,hereitis!Whichchanneldoyouwanttowatch?Alex:Ireadinthenewspaperthatthere’saninterestingdocumentaryonChannel4tonight.Nora:OK....Interestingindeed.But4.________________________(有这么多广告很烦人)duringtheinterval.(Thedoorbellrang.)Someoneisringingthedoorbell.5.________________________(去看看是谁).Alex:OK.(AlexopensthedoorandfindshisneighbourRosestandingoutside.)Rose:Sorrytodisturbyou,butwouldyoupleaseturndowntheTValittlebit?I6.________________________(发现难以集中注意力到我的学习上).Alex:Sorry!WewillturndowntheTVatonce.Rose:Thanks.参考答案：【即学即练】I.1.It’squitewarm2.Ifinditstrange3.it’simportanttocontinuewiththeexperiment4.itwillbeaboy5.itisnousearguingwithJimII.1.Whattimeisitnow2.it’srainingoutside3.putitinthedrawer4.it’sveryannoyingtohavesomanyads5.Goandseewhoitis6.findithardtoconcentrateonmystudies
