第4讲导数与不等式1.设a为实数,函数f(x)=ex-2x+2a,x∈R
(1)求f(x)的单调区间与极值;(2)求证:当a>ln2-1且x>0时,ex>x2-2ax+1
解:(1)由f(x)=ex-2x+2a(x∈R),知f′(x)=ex-2
令f′(x)=0,得x=ln2
当x0,故函数f(x)在区间(ln2,+∞)上单调递增.所以f(x)的单调递减区间是(-∞,ln2),单调递增区间是(ln2,+∞),f(x)在x=ln2处取得极小值f(ln2)=eln2-2ln2+2a=2-2ln2+2a,无极大值.(2)证明:要证当a>ln2-1且x>0时,ex>x2-2ax+1,即证当a>ln2-1且x>0时,ex-x2+2ax-1>0
设g(x)=ex-x2+2ax-1(x≥0).则g′(x)=ex-2x+2a,由(1)知g′(x)min=g′(ln2)=2-2ln2+2a
又a>ln2-1,则g′(x)min>0
于是对∀x∈R,都有g′(x)>0,所以g(x)在R上单调递增.于是对∀x>0,都有g(x)>g(0)=0
即ex-x2+2ax-1>0,故ex>x2-2ax+1
2.(2019·贵阳模拟)已知函数f(x)=mex-lnx-1
(1)当m=1时,求曲线y=f(x)在点(1,f(1))处的切线方程;(2)若m∈(1,+∞),求证:f(x)>1
解:(1)当m=1时,f(x)=ex-lnx-1,所以f′(x)=ex-,所以f′(1)=e-1,又因为f(1)=e-1,所以曲线y=f(x)在点(1,f(1))处的切线方程为y-(e-1)=(e-1)(x-1),即y=(e-1)x
(2)证明:当m>1时,f(x)=mex-lnx-1>ex-lnx-1,要证明f(x)>1,只需证明ex-lnx-2>0,设g(x)=ex-lnx-2,则g′(x)=ex-(x>0),设h(x)=