安徽五河县2017高考英语阅读理解九月选练（五）阅读理解。阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AGermanstudysuggeststhatpeoplewhoweretoooptimisticabouttheirfutureactuallyfacedgreaterriskofdisabilityordeathwithin10yearsthanthosepessimistswhoexpectedtheirfuturetobeworse.Thepaper,publishedthisMarchinPsychologyandAging,examinedhealthandwelfaresurveysfromroughly40,000Germansbetweenages18and96.Thesurveyswereconductedeveryyearfrom1993to2003.Surveyrespondents(受访者)wereaskedtoestimatetheirpresentandfuturelifesatisfactiononascaleof0to10,amongotherquestions.Theresearchersfoundthatyoungadults(age18to39)routinelyoverestimatedtheirfuturelifesatisfaction,whilemiddleagedadults(age40to64)moreaccuratelypredictedhowtheywouldfeelinthefuture.Adultsof65andolder,however,werefarmorelikelytounderestimatetheirfuturelifesatisfaction.Notonlydidtheyfeelmoresatisfiedthantheythoughttheywould,theolderpessimistsseemedtosufferalowerratio(比率)ofdisabilityanddeathforthestudyperiod.“Weobservedthatbeingtoooptimisticinpredictingabetterfuturethanactuallyobservedwasassociatedwithagreaterriskofdisabilityandagreaterriskofdeathwithinthefollowingdecade，”wroteFriederR．Lang,aprofessorattheUniversityofErlangenNuremberg.Langandhiscolleaguesbelievedthatpeoplewhowerepessimisticabouttheirfuturemaybemorecarefulabouttheiractionsthanpeoplewhoexpectedarosyfuture.“Seeingadarkfuturemayencouragepositiveevaluationsoftheactualselfandmaycontributetotakingimprovedprecautions(预防措施)，”theauthorswrote.Surprisingly,comparedwiththoseinpoorhealthorwhohadlowincomes,respondentswhoenjoyedgoodhealthorincomewereassociatedwithexpectingagreaterdecline.Also,theresearcherssaidthathigherincomewasrelatedtoagreaterriskofdisability.Theauthorsofthestudynotedthattherewerelimitationstotheirconclusions.Illness,medicaltreatmentandpersonallosscouldalsohavedrivenhealthoutcomes.However,theresearcherssaidapatternwasclear.“Wefoundthatfromearlytolateadulthood,individualsadapttheirexpectationsoffuturelifesatisfactionfromoptimistic,toaccurate,topessimistic，”theauthorsconcluded.1．Accordingtothestudy,whomadethemostaccuratepredictionoftheirfuturelifesatisfaction?A．Optimisticadults.B．Middleagedadults.C．Adultsinpoorhealth.D．Adultsoflowerincome.解析细节理解题。由文章第四段第一句话“Theresearchersfoundthatyoungadults(age18to39)routinelyoverestimatedtheirfuturelifesatisfaction,whilemiddleagedadults(age40to64)moreaccuratelypredictedhowtheywouldfeelinthefuture.”可知中年人可以更加精确地预测他们的未来。故选B项。答案B.2．Pessimismmaybepositiveinsomewaybecauseitcausespeople________.A．tofullyenjoytheirpresentlifeB．toestimatetheircontributionaccuratelyC．totakemeasuresagainstpotentialrisksD．tovaluehealthmorehighlythanwealth解析细节理解题。由第六、七段中的关键信息“...peoplewhowerepessimisticabouttheirfuturemaybemorecarefulabouttheiractions...”及“...contributetotakingimprovedprecautions(预防措施)．..”可知对未来持悲观态度的人会对他们的行动更加小心并且采取一些预防措施，故选C项。答案C.3．Howdopeopleofhigherincomeseetheirfuture?A．Theywillearnlessmoney.B．Theywillbecomepessimistic.C．Theywillsuffermentalillness.D．Theywillhavelesstimetoenjoylife.解析细节理解题。由第八段第一句话“Surprisingly,comparedwiththoseinpoorhealthorwhohadlowincomes,respondentswhoenjoyedgoodhealthorincomewereassociatedwithexpectingagreaterdecline.”可知工资...
